Obesity (2^nd Ed.) Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Prevention, Second Edition

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity a global epidemic. Its prevalence has more than doubled since 1980, causing a myriad of health problems for children and adults. Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Prevention, Second Edition explores the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology leading to obesity and metabolic disorders. It examines the safety of obesity drugs and drug development strategies as well as the role of physical activity, nutrition, and nutraceutical supplements in obesity treatment and prevention.

With contributions from a cadre of internationally known experts, the book covers a spectrum of essential topics related to this widespread phenomenon, including:

• The relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes
• The addiction mechanism related to refined foods as a significant factor in obesity
• The correlation between obesity and environmental estrogens, endocrine disruption, cigarette smoking, and inflammatory response
• The role of drug and chemical toxicities and genomic imprinting disorders in obesity
• The safety and regulation of prescription and over-the-counter weight loss drugs
• Various diets, the glycemic index, and the role of exercise in treating or preventing obesity
• Controversy over effective vs. banned weight loss supplements
• Childhood obesity and its prevention
• Bariatric surgery for weight management and reversal of metabolic disorders

As the public has become more aware of the deadly adverse effects of obesity, numerous products and programs have targeted the overweight and obese population, many with dangerous side effects. It is essential that we develop strategic, therapeutic intervention supported by credible data. This volume is an ideal reference point for researchers looking for new avenues of inquiry and practicing medical professionals, clinical nutritionists, and dietitians seeking guidance for their patients.

Introduction. Epidemiology of Obesity. Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity. Pathophysiology of Obesity. Global View on the Development of Noncommunicable Diseases. Evidence for Refined Food Addiction. Disruption of Development by Environmental Estrogens. Cigarette Smoking, Inflammation, and Obesity. Role of Neurotransmitters in Obesity Regulation. Neurobiology of Obesity. Leptin as a Vasoactive Adipokine. Leptin-Induced Inflammation. Overview of Ghrelin, Appetite, and Energy Balance. Molecular Genetics of Obesity Syndrome. Sleep and Obesity. Obesity and Degenerative Diseases. Oxidative Stress Status in Humans with Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Inflammation. Angiogenesis-Targeted Redox-Based Therapeutics. Obese and Overweight. Genomic Imprinting Disorders in Obesity. Novel Concept in Obesity Drug Development. Adipose Drug Targets for Obesity Treatment. History and Regulation of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Weight Loss Drugs. Safety of Obesity Drugs. Safety of Obesity Drugs. Historical Perspective, Efficacy of Current Drugs, and Future Directions in the Management of Obesity. Natural, Nutritional, and Physical Approaches of Weight Management. Essential Role of Exercise and Physical Activity in Weight Management. Role of Exercise in Diet and Weight Loss. Role of Exercise in Weight Management and Other Health Benefits. Overview of Nutritional and Dietary Approaches for Weight Control. Gender Effects on Adiposity. Beyond Obesity Prevention. Carbohydrate Digestion Inhibitors. Vegetarian Diets in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Atkins Paradigm. Nature vs. Nurture. Glycemic Index. Chromium (III) in Promoting Weight Loss and Lean Body Mass. An Overview on (−)-Hydroxycitric Acid in Weight Management. Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Bitter Orange () and Its Primary Protoalkaloid, -Synephrine, in Weight Management. Antiobesity Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid. Role of Tea in Weight Management. Laboratory and Clinical Studies of Chitosan. Role of Curcumin, the Golden Spice, in Obesity and Associated Chronic Diseases. Role of in Weight Management. Glucomannan in Weight Loss. Role of Medium-Chain Triglycerides in Weight Management. Antiobesity by Marine Lipids. Dairy Foods, Calcium, and Weight Management. Lessons from the Use of Ephedra Products as a Dietary Supplement. Extract in the Management of Obesity. Curcumin. Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Banaba (L.) and Its Major Constituents, Corosolic Acid and Ellagitannins, in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome. Appetite, Body Weight, Health Implications of a Low-Glycemic-Load Diet. Herbals and Dietary Nutrients Associated with Weight Loss. Calcium and Obesity. Dietary Supplementation in Weight Loss. Beyond Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load. Challenges to the Conduct and Interpretation of Weight Loss Research. Child Obesity and Prevention. Obesity and Disordered Eating in Youth. Childhood Obesity. Impact of Childhood Obesity on Musculoskeletal Growth, Development, and Disease. New Directions in Childhood Obesity. Thinking Outside the Box. Bariatric Surgery in Weight Management. Bariatric Surgery and Reversal of Metabolic Disorders. Bariatric Surgery in Pediatric Weight Management. Index.

Debasis Bagchi is a professor in the Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Houston College of Pharmacy in Texas and the Director of Innovation & Clinical Affairs at Iovate Health Sciences Research Inc., in Oakville, Canada. His research interests include free radicals, human diseases, carcinogenesis, pathophysiology, mechanistic aspects of cytoprotection by antioxidants, and regulatory pathways in obesity, diabetes, and gene expression. He has received funding from various institutions and agencies, including the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Nebraska State Department of Health, Biomedical Research Support Grant from National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Health Future Foundation, The Procter & Gamble Company, and Abbott Laboratories. Dr. Bagchi received the Master of the American College of Nutrition Award in 2009. He has authored 287 peer- reviewed publications and 15 books.

Harry G. Preuss