Mycotoxins and Their Metabolites in Humans and Animals, 2011

A mycotoxin is a toxin produced by a fungus under special conditions of moisture and temperature. These fungi are aerobic and microscopic and, moreover, may colonize many kinds of food from the field to the table. Mycotoxins are not only a spoilage issue for food, but in high doses can be a serious health threat for humans. The book will be similar to Weidenborner?s previous two books - ?Mycotoxins in Feedstuffs? and ?Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs? - in that it will be a review of the literature to create a comprehensive reference for mycotoxin levels. It will be his third (and last) book on the topic, this time focusing on the incidence of a mycotoxin in humans and/or animals (natural or artificial incidence). Each entry will include contamination, concentration rate, mean concentration of organs (humans and animals) with a mycotoxin, as well as sample constitution (where possible) and country of origin of the sample.

1. Humans 1.1. Human Natural Contamination 1.1.1. Human amniotic fluid 1.1.2. Human bile 1.1.3. Human blood 1.1.4. Human brain 1.1.5. Human breast 1.1.6. Human breast milk 1.1.7. Human cervix 1.1.8. Human colon 1.1.9. Human endometrium 1.1.10. Human feces 1.1.11. Human funiculum 1.1.12. Human hair 1.1.13. Human heart 1.1.14. Human intestine 1.1.15 Human kidney 1.1.16 Human liver 1.1.17. Human lung 1.1.18. Human pancreas 1.1.19. Human placenta 1.1.20. Human plasma 1.1.21. Human rectum 1.1.22. Human renal tissue 1.1.23. Human semen 1.1.24. Human serum 1.1.25. Human serum/plasma 1.1.26. Human spleen 1.1.27. Human stomach 1.1.28. Human stool 1.1.29. Human urine 1.2. Human Artificial Contamination 1.2.1. Human blood 1.2.2. Human esophagus 1.2.3. Human feces 1.2.4. Human heart 1.2.5. Human intestines 1.2.6. Human kidney 1.2.7. Human lung 1.2.8. Human stomach 1.2.9. Human urine 2. Beef 2.1. Beef Natural Contamination 2.1.1. Beef liver 3. Buffalo 3.1. Buffalo Natural Contamination 3.1.1. Bufallo milk, raw 3.2. Buffalo Artificial Contamination 3.2.1. Buffalo milk, raw 4. Calf 4.1. Calf Natural Contamination 4.1.1. Calf liver 4.2. Calf Artificial Contamination 4.2.1. Calf feces 4.2.2. Calf kidney 4.2.3. Calf liver 4.2.4. Calf muscle 4.2.5. Calf plasma 4.2.6. Calf serum 4.2.7. Calf urine 5. Camel 5.1. Camel Natural Contamination 5.1.1. Camel fetus 5.1.2. Camel intestine 5.1.3. Camel milk 5.1.4. Camel rumen 6. Cat 6.1. Cat Natural Contamination 6.1.1. Cat kidney 6.2. Cat Artificial Contamination 6.2.1. Cat blood 6.2.2. Cat heart 6.2.3. Cat kidney 6.2.4. Cat liver 6.2.5. Cat lung 6.2.6. Cat urine 7. Cattle 7.1. Cattle Natural Contamination 7.1.1. Cattle bile 7.1.2. Cattle udder 7.1.3. Cattle urine 7.2. Cattle Artificial Contamination 7.2.1. Cattle feces 7.2.2. Cattle liver 7.2.3. Cattle omasum 7.2.4. Cattle plasma 7.2.5. Cattle rumen 7.2.6. Cattle urine 8. Chicken 8.1. Chicken Natural Contamination 8.1.1. Chicken liver 8.1.2. Chicken muscle 8.2. Chicken Artificial Contamination 8.2.1. Chicken bile 8.2.2. Chicken blood 8.2.3. Chicken chest 8.2.4. Chicken crop 8.2.5. Chicken excreta 8.2.6. Chicken fat 8.2.7. Chicken female repro tract 8.2.8. Chicken gastrointestinal tract 8.2.9. Chicken gizzard 8.2.10. Chicken heart 8.2.11. Chicken intestine 8.2.12. Chicken kidney 8.2.13. Chicken liver 8.2.14. Chicken lung 8.2.15. Chicken meat 8.2.16. Chicken muscle 8.2.17. Chicken muscle, breast 8.2.18. Chicken muscle, leg 8.2.19. Chicken muscle, red 8.2.20. Chicken muscle, thigh 8.2.21. Chicken muscle, wing 8.2.22. Chicken plasma 8.2.23. Chicken serum 8.2.24. Chicken skin 8.2.25. Chicken stomach 9. Cow 9.1. Cow Natural Contamination 9.1.1. Cow liver 9.1.2. Cow milk, raw 9.2. Cow Artificial Contamination 9.2.1. Cow bile 9.2.2. Cow blood 9.2.3. Cow brain 9.2.4. Cow fat 9.2.5. Cow feces 9.2.6. Cow gallbladder 9.2.7. Cow heart 9.2.8. Cow intestine 9.2.9. Cow kidney 9.2.10. Cow liver 9.2.11. Cow lung 9.2.12. Cow lymph 9.2.13. Cow mammary gland 9.2.14. Cow milk, raw 9.2.15. Cow muscle 9.2.16. Cow plasma 9.2.17. Cow red blood cells 9.2.18. Cow rumen 9.2.19. Cow spleen 9.2.20. Cow tongue 9.2.21. Cow urine 10. Deer 10.1. Deer Natural Contamination 10.1.1. Deer urine 10.2. Deer Artificial Contamination 10.2.1. Deer liver 10.2.2. Deer muscle 11. Dog 11.1. Dog Natural Contamination 11.1.1. Dog brain 11.1.2. Dog kidney 11.1.3. Dog liver 11.1.4. Dog stomach 11.2. Dog Artificial Contamination 11.2.1. Dog plasma 12. Duck 12.1. Duck Natural Contamination 12.1.1. Duck liver 12.2. Duck Artificial Contamination 12.2.1. Duck bile 12.2.2. Duck liver 12.2.3. Duck plasma 12.2.4. Duck serum 13. Ewe 13.1. Ewe Artificial Contamination 13.1.1. Ewe feces 13.1.2. Ewe milk, raw 13.1.3. Ewe plasma 13.1.4. Ewe urine 14. Fish 14.1. Fish Artificial Contamination 14.1.1. Fish, carp 14.1.1.1. Fish, carp plasma 14.1.2. Fish, channel catfish 14.1.2.1. Fish, channel catfish bile 14.1.2.2. Fish, channel catfish fat 14.1.2.3. Fish, channel catfish kidney 14.1.2.4. Fish, channel catfish liver 14.1.2.5. Fish, channel catfish muscle 14.1.2.6. Fish, channel catfish plasma 14.1.2.7. Fish, channel catfish skin 14.1.2.8. Fish, channel catfish spleen 14.1.2.9. Fish, channel catfish urine 14.1.3. Fish, coho salmon 14.1.3.1. Fish, coho salmon bile 14.1.3.2. Fish, coho salmon embryo 14.1.3.3. Fish, coho salmon liver 14.1.4. Fish, medaka 14.1.4.1. Fish, medaka liver 14.1.5. Fish, rainbow trout 14.1.5.1. Fish, rainbow trout bile 14.1.5.2. Fish, rainbow trout blood 14.1.5.3. Fish, rainbow trout carcass 14.1.5.4. Fish, rainbow trout egg 14.1.5.5. Fish, rainbow trout embryo 14.1.5.6. Fish, rainbow trout liver 14.1.5.7. Fish, rainbow trout plasma 14.1.5.8. Fish, rainbow trout red blood cells 14.1.6. Fish, walleye fish 14.1.6.1. Fish, walleye fish muscle 14.1.7. Fish, zebra fish 14.1.7.1. Fish, zebra fish liver 15. Goat 15.1. Goat Natural Contamination 15.1.1. Goat milk, raw 15.1.2. Goat urine 15.2. Goat Artificial Contamination 15.2.1. Goat milk, raw 15.2.2. Goat lung 15.2.3. Goat lymph 15.2.4. Goat serum 15.2.5. Goat spleen 16. Guinea Pig 16.1. Guinea Pig Artificial Contamination 16.1.1. Guinea pig adrenal 16.1.2. Guinea pig bile 16.1.3. Guinea pig brain 16.1.4. Guinea pig fat 16.1.5. Guinea pig heart 16.1.6. Guinea pig kidney 16.1.7. Guinea pig liver 16.1.8. Guinea pig lung 16.1.9. Guinea pig muscle 16.1.10. Guinea pig plasma 16.1.11. Guinea pig spleen 16.1.12. Guinea pig testes 17. Hamster 17.1. Hamster Artificial Contamination 17.1.1. Hamster kidney 17.1.2. Hamster liver 17.1.3. Hamster plasma 18. Hare 18.1. Hare Natural Contamination 18.1.1. Hare liver 19. Hen 19.1. Hen Natural Contamination 19.1.1. Hen egg 19.2. Hen Artificial Contamination 19.2.1. Hen 19.2.1.1. Hen adrenal 19.2.1.2. Hen bile 19.2.1.3. Hen blood 19.2.1.4. Hen blood clot 19.2.1.5. Hen brain 19.2.1.6. Hen cloaca 19.2.1.7. Hen clutch 19.2.1.8. Hen comb 19.2.1.9. Hen digestive tract 19.2.1.10. Hen egg 19.2.1.11. Hen excreta 19.2.1.12. Hen fat 19.2.1.13. Hen gallbladder 19.2.1.14. Hen gizzard 19.2.1.15. Hen heart 19.2.1.16. Hen intestine 19.2.1.17. Hen kidney 19.2.1.18. Hen liver 19.2.1.19. Hen lung 19.2.1.20. Hen muscle 19.2.1.21. Hen muscle, breast 19.2.1.22. Hen muscle, leg 19.2.1.23. Hen muscle, red 19.2.1.24. Hen muscle, thigh 19.2.1.25. Hen muscle, white 19.2.1.26. Hen muscle, wing 19.2.1.27. Hen ova 19.2.1.28. Hen oviduct 19.2.1.29. Hen pancreas 19.2.1.30. Hen plasma 19.2.1.31. Hen red blood cells 19.2.1.32. Hen reproductive organs 19.2.1.33. Hen serum 19.2.1.34. Hen skin 19.2.1.35. Hen spleen 19.2.1.36. Hen stomach 20. Horse 20.1. Horse Natural Contamination 20.1.1. Horse liver 20.1.2. Horse urine 21. Lamb 21.1. Lamb Natural Contamination 21.1.1. Lamb urine 21.2. Lamb Artificial Contamination 21.2.1. Lamb feces 21.2.2. Lamb kidney 21.2.3. Lamb liver 21.2.4. Lamb urine 22. Monkey 22.1. Monkey Artificial Contamination 22.1.1. Monkey, macaque 22.1.1.1 Monkey, macaque bile 22.1.1.2. Monkey, macaque blood 22.1.1.3. Monkey, macaque brain 22.1.1.4. Monkey, macaque heart 22.1.1.5. Monkey, macaque kidney 22.1.1.6. Monkey, macaque liver 22.1.1.7. Monkey, macaque lung 22.1.1.8. Monkey, macaque pancreas 22.1.1.9. Monkey, macaque plasma 22.1.1.10. Monkey, macaque spleen 22.1.2. Monkey, marmoset 22.1.2.1. Monkey, marmoset liver 22.1.3. Monkey, vervet 22.1.3.1. Monkey, vervet plasma 23. Mouse 23.1. Mouse Artificial Contamination 23.1.1. Mouse amniotic fluid 23.1.2. Mouse blood 23.1.3. Mouse brain 23.1.4. Mouse embryo 23.1.5. Mouse gastrointestinal tract 23.1.6. Mouse heart 23.1.7. Mouse intestine 23.1.8. Mouse kidney 23.1.9. Mouse liver 23.1.10. Mouse lung 23.1.11. Mouse milk 23.1.12. Mouse Peyer´s patches 23.1.13. Mouse placenta 23.1.14. Mouse plasma 23.1.15. Mouse serum 23.1.16. Mouse spleen 24. Pig 24.1. Pig Natural Contamination 24.1.1. Pig bile 24.1.2. Pig blood 24.1.3. Pig digesta 24.1.4. Pig kidney 24.1.5. Pig liver 24.1.6. Pig meat 24.1.7. Pig muscle 24.1.8. Pig plasma 24.1.9. Pig serum 24.1.10. Pig urine 24.2. Pig Artificial Contamination 24.2.1. Pig adrenals 24.2.2. Pig bile 24.2.3. Pig blood 24.2.4. Pig bone marrow 24.2.5. Pig brain 24.2.6. Pig cecum 24.2.7. Pig colon 24.2.8. Pig duodenum 24.2.9. Pig eye 24.2.10. Pig fat 24.2.11. Pig feces 24.2.12. Pig gallbladder 24.2.13. Pig heart 24.2.14. Pig ileum 24.2.15. Pig intestine 24.2.16. Pig jejunum 24.2.17. Pig kidney 24.2.18. Pig liver 24.2.19. Pig lung 24.2.20. Pig lymph 24.2.21 Pig muscle 24.2.22. Pig myocardium 24.2.23. Pig pancreas 24.2.24. Pig placenta 24.2.25. Pig plasma 24.2.26. Pig rectum 24.2.27 Pig serum 24.2.28. Pig skin 24.2.29. Pig spleen 24.2.30. Pig stomach 24.2.31. Pig testes 24.2.32. Pig tissue 24.2.33. Pig urine 24.2.34. Pig, sow milk 25. Pony 25.1. Pony Artificial Contamination 25.1.1. Pony cecum 25.1.2. Pony kidney 25.1.3. Pony liver 25.1.4. Pony muscle 25.1.5. Pony rectum 25.1.6. Pony stomach 26. Poultry 26.1. Poultry Natural Contamination 26.1.1. Poultry 27. Quail 27.1. Quail Artificial Contamination 27.1.1. Quail egg 27.2.1. Quail kidney 27.3.1. Quail plasma 28. Rabbit 28.1. Rabbit Artificial Contamination 28.1.1. Rabbit kidney 28.1.2. Rabbit liver 28.1.3. Rabbit mammary gland 28.1.4. Rabbit milk 28.1.5. Rabbit muscle 28.1.6. Rabbit plasma 29. Rat 29.1. Rat Artificial Contamination 29.1.1. Rat 29.1.1.1. Rat bile 29.1.1.2. Rat blood 29.1.1.3. Rat brain 29.1.1.4. Rat colon 29.1.1.5. Rat duodenum 29.1.1.6. Rat fat 29.1.1.7. Rat feces 29.1.1.8. Rat fetal extracts 29.1.1.9. Rat heart 29.1.1.10. Rat ileum 29.1.1.11. Rat intestine 29.1.1.12. Rat kidney 29.1.1.13. Rat liver 29.1.1.14. Rat lung 29.1.1.15. Rat lymph 29.1.1.16. Rat milk 29.1.1.17. Rat muscle 29.1.1.18. Rat plasma 29.1.1.19. Rat serous fluid and mucus 29.1.1.20. Rat serum 29.1.1.21. Rat spleen 29.1.1.22. Rat stomach 29.1.1.23. Rat testes 29.1.1.24. Rat trachea 29.1.1.25. Rat urine 30. Sheep 30.1. Sheep Natural Contamination 30.1.1. Sheep milk, raw 30.1.2. Sheep/goat milk, raw 30.1.3. Sheep urine 30.2. Sheep Artificial Contamination 30.2.1. Sheep bile 30.2.2. Sheep feces 30.2.3. Sheep milk, raw 30.2.4. Sheep plasma 30.2.5. Sheep rumen 30.2.6. Sheep serum 30.2.7. Sheep urine 31. Steer 31.1. Steer Natural Contamination 31.1.1. Steer kidney 31.2. Steer Artificial Contamination 31.2.1. Steer bile 31.2.2. Steer blood 31.2.3. Steer feces 31.2.4. Steer heart 31.2.5. Steer kidney 31.2.6. Steer liver 31.2.7. Steer lung 31.2.8. Steer muscle 31.2.9. Steer pancreas 31.2.10. Steer rumen 31.2.11. Steer spleen 31.2.12. Steer urine 32. Tree Shrew 32.1 Tree Shrew Artificial Contamination 32.1.1. Tree shrew liver 32.1.2. Tree shrew serum 32.1.3. Tree shrew urine 33. Turkey 33.1. Turkey Natural Contamination 33.1.1. Turkey lung 33.1.2. Turkey plasma 33.2. Turkey Artificial Contamination 33.2.1. Turkey excreta 33.2.2. Turkey heart 33.2.3. Turkey kidney 33.2.4. Turkey liver 33.2.5. Turkey lung 33.2.6. Turkey muscle 33.2.7. Turkey muscle, breast 33.2.8. Turkey muscle, thigh 33.2.9. Turkey plasma 33.2.10. Turkey serum 34. Woodchuck 34.1. Woodchuck Artificial Contamination 34.1.1. Woodchuck liver