Ultrasound in Medicine, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1978 Volume 4

This is the fourth volume of Ultrasound in Medicine, the Proceedings of the Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. Unless the Executive Board of the Institute change their mind, it may also be the last. Under these circumstances it is somewhat ironical that some of the deficiencies present in previous volumes appear to have been solved in the present volume. Notably, the Programme Committee, for the first time, exercised a stringent selection procedure by means of which the number of papers selected for presentation was limited with the result that both the quality of papers accepted for presentation and publication was improved and the number of simultaneous sessions at the meeting did not exceed two. The contents of this volume have been divided into the same sections as in previous volumes except that no papers on stan­ dardization procedures were accepted and a new supplementary section is added consisting of papers given at the Scientific Meeting of the American Society of Ultrasound Technical Specia­ lists. As in previous editions the readers may consider the engin­ eering sections at the end of this volume are the most rewarding. Some ingenious new systems are described both in the sections on Doppler techniques and new techniques. Current interest in tissue signatures and characterization are reflected in many of the pap~rs appearing in the Tissue Interactions section.

Cardiology.- Cross Sectional Imaging of the Heart by the UI Octoson.- The Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Ruptured Mitral Chordae Tendinae.- Sensitivity and Specificity of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis.- Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Postoperative Cardiac Patient.- Ultrasonic Detection of Myocardial Infarction by Amplitude Analysis.- Criteria for Quantitative Echocardiography in Children.- The Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Potential Pitfalls in Echocardiographic Diagnosis.- Echocardiographic Measurement of Left Ventricular Function During Isometric and Isotonic Exercise.- Aortic Valve Motion in Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome.- Echocardiogram in Pulsus Paradoxus: Respiration Dependent Cyclic Changes in Mitral and Aortic Valve Motion.- M-Mode Echocardiographic Systolic Motion Patterns of the Aortic Valve: Clinical-Echocardiographic Correlates.- Abnormal Motion of Interventricular Septum and Posterior Wall of Left Ventricle in Experimental “Wolfe-Parkinson-White Syndrome”: Echocardiographic and Electrophysiologic Study.- Echocardiographic Response of the Normal Human Left Ventricle to Wide Variations in Preload.- Abnormal Left Ventricular Filling in Patients with Concentric Hypertrophy on Chronic Hemodialysis.- Computer Analysis of Digitized Echocardiograms for the Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in Children.- Echocardiographic Evaluation of Adriamycin Cardiomyopathy in Children.- Calcification and Fibrosis of Mitral Valves: In Vitro Ultrasonic Studies and Clinical Correlations.- The Reliability of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Aortic Root Dissection.- Assessment of Distribution of Stroke Volume from the Aortic Root Echocardiogram.- Evaluation of Bicuspid Aortic Valves by Two-Dimensional Echocardiography.- Correlative Study of Pulmonary Valve Echogram and Indirect Pulmonary Artery Pulse.- Ultrasonic Features of Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery.- Tricuspid Atresia: Value of Contrast Echocardiography in 30 Patients.- Two-Dimensional Echocardiographic Findings in Atrial Septal Defect.- Ventricular Septal Excursion and Thickening: A Nonspecific Echocardiographic Measurement.- Echocardiographic Assessment of Septal and Posterior Wall Dynamics and Their Effect on Left Ventricular Filling in Idiopathic Hypertrophie Subaortic Stenosis.- The Echocardiographic Assessment of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defects Late Postoperatively.- Real-Time 80° Sector Echocardiography in Patients with Great Artery Overriding the Ventricular Septum: Tetralogy of Fallot, Truncus Arteriosus, and Pulmonary Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect.- A Comprehensive Noninvasive Assessment of Anatomy and Function in Patent Ductus Arteriosus.- Abdominal Disease.- Clinical Trials on a New Real-Time Abdominal Scanner.- Abdominal Gray Scale Echography in Children.- Ultrasound Evaluation of the Upper Abdomen with the Real Time Sector Scanner.- Diagnosis of Abdominal and Pelvic Abscesses by Ultrasound and Gallium Scanning.- Gray Scale Ultrasonography of the Biliary Duct System: Comparison with Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography.- Factors Affecting the Recognition of the Dilated Biliary Tree in the Jaundiced Patient.- Demonstration of the Renal Cortex, Medulla and Arcuate Vessels by Grey-Scale Ultrasonography.- Ultrasound in the Pre-Symptomatic Diagnosis of Adult (Dominant) Polycystic Kidney Disease.- Prostatic Ultrasonography: The Prostatic Nodule.- Ultrasonic Imaging of the Scrotum.- High Resolution Real Time Scanning of the Abdomen.- Abdominal Clinical Application of Servo Controlled Sector Scanner with Video Recorder Permitting Manipulation of Image Parameters During Playback.- Image Quality and Practicality of Scanning Large Abdomens with Large-Low Frequency and Smaller-High Frequency Transducers.- Ultrasound in Right Upper Quadrant Pain.- Ultrasonic Detection of Abdominal Abscesses and Verification by Percutaneous Aspiration.- Gallstones: An In Vitro Comparison of the Physical, Radiographic and Ultrasonic Characteristics.- Ultrasonographic Identification of Dilated Intrahepatic Bile Ducts and their Differentiation from Portal Venous Structures.- Diagnostic Ultrasound in the Differentiation Between Obstructive Jaundice and Non-Obstructive Jaundice.- The “Parallel Channel” Sign of Biliary Tree Enlargement in Mild to Moderate Degrees of Obstructive Jaundice.- Anatomic Variations of Portal Venous Anatomy: Ultrasonographic Evaluation.- Non-Pancreatic Disorders Simulating Primary Pancreatic Disease on Ultrasonography.- Ultrasound Visualization of the Pancreatic Duct and its Clinical Application.- Normal Ultrasonographic Appearance of the Ligamentum Teres and Falciform Ligament.- The Dilated Pancreatic Duct: Ultrasonic Evaluation.- Polycystic Kidney Disease: Early Detection by Gray Scale Echography.- The Sonographic Pattern of Infantile Polycystic Kidney.- Ultrasound Diagnosis of Renal Angiomyolipoma.- Assessment of Glomerulonephritis in Children by Ultrasound.- A Comparison of Urinary Tract Lesions Evaluated by Computerized Tomography and Ultrasonography.- Ultrasonography of Normal Adrenal Gland.- Transrectal Radial Cone Scanning for the Staging of Urinary Bladder Tumors.- Serotal Gray Scale Ultrasonography.- Obstetrics and Gynecology.- Computer Analysis fo Fetal Breathing Movements Recorded by Real-Time Ultrasound Imaging.- Ultrasound as an Aid in Intrauterine Transfusion.- Observation of Human Fetal Breathing Movements Using a Real Time B-Scan Method.- Major Fetal Malformations: Reality and Potential of Sonar Prenatal Diagnosis.- Cyclic Variations in Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Female Pelvis.- Enhanced Ultrasonographic Definition of Pelvic Anatomy by Instillation of Intraperitoneal Fluid.- Sonographic Differential Diagnoses of Pelvic Masses: An Analysis of Pattern Specificity.- Reliability of Sonar Fetal Cephalometry in the Estimation of Gestational Age and in the Diagnosis of Fetal Growth Retardation.- Significance of Biparietal Diameter Differences Between Twins.- Ultrasound as a Diagnostic Aid in Ectopic Pregnancy.- Ultrasonic Changes of Uterine Fibroids in Pregnancy and Degeneration.- Neurology.- Ultrasound Tomography of the Adult Brain.- Ultrasound Tomography of Excised Brains: Normal and Pathological Anatomy.- Detection and Identification of Intracranial Arterial Echoes from the Superior Surface of the Cranium.- Echoencephalographic Changes in Meningitis.- R-Wave to Intracranial Artery Echo Activity Time Interval Measurements Using Moving Target Indicator Techniques.- Ophthalmology.- Quantitative Ultrasonography in Orbital Optic Nerve Decompression.- Clinical Results with Real-Time Color B-Scan Ultrasonography.- Ultrasonic Criteria for Surgically Salvageable Pre-Phthisical Eyes.- Other Organs.- The Current Status of Ultrasound Mammography.- Breast Echography Compared with Xerography.- Initial Investigation of Computed Tomography for Breast Imaging with Focused Ultrasound Beams.- Evaluation of Solid Thyroid Neoplasms by Gray Scale and Real Time Ultrasonography: The “Halo” Sign.- Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Localization of Parathyroid Adenoma.- Ultrasonic Evaluation of a Pediatric Chest Mass.- Gray Scale Ultrasound Evaluation of Popliteal Artery Aneurysms.- Application of High-Resolution Imaging to the Detection and Preliminary Characterization of Atherosclerosis.- Ultrasound Evaluation of Vascular Access Used in Hemodialysis.- Doppler Techniques.- Quantitative Blood Flow Measurement in Deep-Lying Vessels Using Pulsed Doppler with the Octoson.- Quantitative Flow Measurement Utilizing a Time Interval Histogram of Doppler Shifted Ultrasound.- A Technique for Increasing the Maximum Range-Velocity Product of Pulsed Doppler Systems.- Multichannel Pulsed Doppler Imaging: Measurement Accuracy and Beam/Vessel Angle Estimation.- A Comparison of 424 Carotid Bifurcations Examined by Angiography and the Doppler Echoflow.- Recording Vertebral Artery Blood Flow.- Pulsed-Doppler Echocardiography: The Detection of Mitral Regurgitation.- New Techniques.- High-Speed Mechanical Scanner of High Azimuthal Resolution Using a Virtual Ring Transducer.- A New Real-Time Sector Scanning System of Ultra-Wide Angle and Real-Time Recording of Entire Adult Cardiac Images — Transesophagus and Trans-chest-wall Methods.- Clinical Evaluation of a New Servo Controlled Real-Time Scanner.- High Resolution Instantaneous U1trasonic Spectrum Analysis I: Theoretical Considerations.- Signal Enhancement for Automatic Identification of Arterial Wall Echoes from an Intravessel Scanner.- Improved Imaging with a Wide Band Array.- Real-Time Improvement of Both Lateral and Range Resolution by Optical Signal Processing.- Method for Visualizing Acoustic Fields Using Phase and Amplitude Data From Raman-Nath Zero Order Diffraction.- A Digital Color Display for Multi-Variate Information.- A System for Converting Real-Time Color B-Scans from Asynchronous Write-In to TV Format Readout.- A Potential Material for Use in Ultrasound Phantoms.- A Technique for Imaging Three-Dimensional Structures and Computing Their Volumes Using Non-Parallel Ultrasonic Sector Scans.- Development of a System for Correlation of Time Motion and Two Dimensional Cardiac Images.- A Light-Pen Measurement System for Cross-Sectional Echocardiography.- On-Line Scan Conversion and Multi-Dimensional Image Processing.- Evaluation of Novel Dynamically Variable Electronic Delay Lines for Ultrasonic Imaging.- Real-Time Acoustic Transmission Imaging Using Diffuse Insonification.- An Automated System for Ultrasound Transducer Calibration: Beam Plotting and Acoustical Output Determination.- Tissue Interactions.- Determination of Alterations of Phase Angle of Ultrasound Transmitted Through a Malignant Breast Tumor: A Preliminary Investigation.- Collagen as a Determinant of Ultrasonic Attenuation in Myocardial Infarcts.- Ultrasonic Beam Sensitivity Profile Changes in Mammalian Tissue.- Variations in Acoustic Velocity in Skeletal Muscle Determined by Acoustic Microscopy.- Measurement of Acoustic Impedance of Skin.- In Vitro Clumping of Platelets Exposed to Low Intensity Ultrasound.- Ultrasonic Beam Distortion by the Normal Human Breast In Vivo.- Measurement of Attenuation in Tissues Using Time Delay Spectrometry.- Use of a Spectrum Analysis System for Characterization of Malignant Melanoma.- Angle Scan and Frequency-Swept Ultrasonic Scattering Characterization of Tissue.- The Effect of Hypotonicity Upon the Ultrasonic Scattering Properties of Erythrocytes.- Bio-Effects of Ultrasound Under “Low Intensity” Conditions.- Experimental Production of Chorioretinal Lesions: I. Continuous Wave Ultrasound.- Experimental Production of Chorioretinal Lesions: II. Pulsed Ultrasound.- The Effect of Low Dose Ultrasound on Human Peripheral Lymphocyte Function In Vitro.- Interaction of Ultrasound with Solid Tumors In Vivo and Tumor Cell Suspensions In Vitro.- Influence of Ultrasound on Mouse Leukemia Cell DNA Synthesis, Membrane Integrity, and Uptake of Anticancer Drugs In Vitro.- Mitochondrial Changes Resulting from Ultrasound Irradiation.- Ultrasonic Toxicity in the Pregnant Mouse.- Embryotoxicity of Ultrasound Exposure at Ten or Twelve Days of Gestation in the Rat.- Effect of Ultrasound on Regional Coronary Blood Flow in Normal and Ischemic Canine Myocardium.- Therapeutic Application of Ultrasound in Myocardial Infarction: A Chronic Six-Week Study in Dogs.- Supplement — American Society of Ultrasound Technical Specialists.- Mitral Valve Systolic Anterior Motion With and Without Subaortic Stenosis.- Late Postoperative Changes Following Closure of Secundum Atrial Septal Defect.- Differential Diagnosis of Echocardiographic Patterns in the Newborn.- Transcardiac Visualization of a Left Subphrenic Abscess.- Ultrasound in Subphrenic Abscess.- New Ultrasonic Scanning Techniques to Display The Left Upper Quadrant.- The Duodenum: An Additional Landmark for Evaluating the Pancreatic Head.- Facts and Fallacies in Evaluation of the Pancreas.- Investigation of Unusual Placental Patterns.- Fetal Echocardiography.- Ultrasonically Guided Amniocentesis in Twin Gestations.- Subtleties in Gynecological Ultrasound.- Ultrasound Analysis of the Normal Popliteal Artery.- Ultrasound of the Lower Extremities.- Clinical Experience with the U.I. Octoson: The Role of the Sonographer with Automated Ultrasonic Systems.- Categorical Filing Using the Keysort Card Technique.- Author Index.