Optical Payloads for Space Missions

Optical Payloads for Space Missions is a comprehensive collection of optical spacecraft payloads with contributions by leading international rocket-scientists and instrument builders.

• Covers various applications, including earth observation, communications, navigation, weather, and science satellites and deep space exploration
• Each chapter covers one or more specific optical payload
• Contains a review chapter which provides readers with an overview on the background, current status, trends, and future prospects of the optical payloads
• Provides information on the principles of the optical spacecraft payloads, missions? background, motivation and challenges, as well as the scientific returns, benefits and applications

Contributors List ix

Preface xxv

Part ONE Overview

1 Review of Spaceborne Optical Payloads 3
Shen-En Qian

Part TWO Imaging Spectrometers

2 Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean on the International Space Station 29
Mary E. Kappus, Steven G. Ackleson, Jeffrey H. Bowles, Michael R. Corson, Curtiss O. Davis, Bo-Cai Gao, Richard W. Gould, Jr., Daniel R. Korwan, Mark David Lewis, Robert L. Lucke, Marcos J. Montes, Wesley J. Moses, Jasmine S. Nahorniak, Karen W. Patterson and Ellen J. Wagner

3 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on Terra and Aqua Missions 53
Xiaoxiong Xiong, Michael D. King, Vincent V. Salomonson, William L. Barnes, Brian N. Wenny, Amit Angal, Aisheng Wu, Sriharsha Madhavan and Daniel O. Link

4 Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer for Ocean Colour onboard ENVISAT 91
Jean-Loup Bézy, Jean-Paul M. Huot, Steven M. Delwart, Ludovic Bourg, Richard Bessudo and Yves Delclaud

5 Visible and Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer aboard Chinese Chang’E 3 Spacecraft 121
Jianyu Wang, Zhiping He, Rong Shu, Rui Xu, Kai Chen and Chunlai Li

6 Hyperspectral Imager Onboard Indian Mini Satellite-1 141
Alur Seelin Kiran Kumar and Desu Rama Mohana Samudraiah

7 Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program – A German Hyperspectral Mission 161
Hermann Kaufmann, Bernhard Sang, Tobias Storch, Karl Segl, Saskia Foerster, Luis Guanter, Markus Erhard, Brian Heider, Stefan Hofer, Hans-Peter Honold, Boris Penné, Martin Bachmann, Martin Habermeyer, Andreas Müller, Rupert Müller, Michael Rast, Karl Staenz, Christoph Straif and Christian Chlebek

8 Hyperspectral Payload for Italian PRISMA Programme 183
Marco Meini, Alessandro Bini, Lorenzo Giunti, Enrico Fossati and Roberto Formaro

9 Hyperspectral Imager Suite (HISUI): Japanese Spaceborne Hyperspectral Imager for Resource and Environmental Mapping 215
Tsuneo Matsunaga, Akira Iwasaki, Satoshi Tsuchida, Jun Tanii, Osamu Kashimura, Ryosuke Nakamura, Hirokazu Yamamoto, Tetsushi Tachikawa and Shuichi Rokugawa

10 Ocean and Land Color Imager on Sentinel]3 223
Jens Nieke, Constantin Mavrocordatos, Craig Donlon, Bruno Berruti, Thierry Garnier, Jean-]Bernard Riti and Yves Delclaud

11 SHALOM – A Commercial Hyperspectral Space Mission 247
Tal Feingersh and Eyal Ben Dor

12 Hyperspectral and Luminescence Observer for Mars 265
Shen-En Qian and Eric Martin

Part THREE Multispectral Sensors

13 Infrared Scanner aboard Chinese Small Satellite Constellation for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting 297
Jianyu Wang and Yinnian Liu

14 MUX Multispectral Imager for CBERS 3&4 Satellite Series 311
Alexandre L. Soares, Lucimara C. N. Scaduto, Anderson R. Santos, Fabiano S. dos Santos, Daniela C. Rebolho, Daniel M. Segoria, André O. de Oliveira, Mario A. Stefani, Mário L. Selingardi and Leonel F. Perondi

15 Multispectral Camera onboard Indian Mini Satellite]1 335
Alur Seelin Kiran Kumar and Desu Rama Mohana Samudraiah

16 Wide Field Imaging Camera for CBERS 3&4 Satellite Series 353
Alexandre L. Soares, Lucimara C. N. Scaduto, Anderson R. Santos, Fabiano S. dos Santos, Daniela C. Rebolho, Daniel M. Segoria, André O. de Oliveira, Mario A. Stefani, Herivaldo A. Maia, Gabriela Ferigoli, André Augusto, Custodio A. Lima Netto, Humberto P. Cardoso, Sidney L. A. Carrara, Cesar C. Ghizoni, José Dias de Matos and Leonel F. Perondi

17 FORMOSAT ]2 Quick Imaging 365
Yuei-An Liou, An-Ming Wu and Hsuan-Yu Lin

Part FOUR Fourier Transform Spectrometers

18 Wind Imaging Interferometer on NASA’s Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite 393
Gordon G. Shepherd, M. Donna-Lee Desaulniers, William A. Gault, Charles H. Hersom, Kenneth W. Smith, Alan Scott, Brian H. Solheim and Jeffery R. Wimperis

19 ACE-FTS Optical Payload on Canadian Science Satellite SCISAT: After 10 Years On]orbit 423
Marc]Andre Soucy, Henry L. Buijs and Richard L. Lachance

20 Cross-track Infrared Sounder Flying on NOAA/NASA Joint Polar Satellite System 443
Ronald J. Glumb, Christopher E. Lietzke and Henry L. Buijs

21 Optical Payloads onboard Japanese Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite 459
Masakatsu Nakajima, Hiroshi Suto, Akihiko Kuze and Kei Shiomi

22 GIFTS: Revolutionary Observations for Weather, Chemistry, and Climate Applications 501
William L. Smith, Sr., Gail E. Bingham and Henry E. Revercomb

Part FIVE Lidar and Active Sensors

23 Canadian Mars Phoenix Lidar 52
Michael G. Daly and James A. Whiteway

24 Laser Altimeter onboard Chinese Chang’E 1 Orbiter 539
Jianyu Wang, Rong Shu, Weibiao Chen, Jianjun Jia, Bingyong Wang, Genghua Huang, Yihua Hu and Xia Hou

25 Canadian ASTRO-H Metrology System 553
Alexandre Koujelev, Luigi C. Gallo and Stéphane Gagnon

26 Atmospheric Lidar AT LID onboard EarthCARE Mission 583
Arnaud Hélière, Yves Toulemont and Lénaïc Lehors

27 Small Optical Transponder for Small Satellite Data Transmission 601
Yoshihisa Takayama, Yoshisada Koyama, Maki Akioka and Morio Toyoshima

Part SIX Spectrometers and Radiometers

28 UV-Visible-NIR Spectrophotometer on Canadian Science Satellite SCISAT 615
Charles Thomas McElroy

29 Payload aboard Terra Satellite for Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere 639
James Drummond, John Paul Hackett and Dwight Caldwell

30 Optical Payload onboard the International Space Station for Solar Spectral Irradiance Measurements 653
Gérard O. Thuillier and Gerhard Schmidtke

31 Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System for Measurements of Atmospheric Composition and Emissions 677
Doug A. Degenstein, Adam E. Bourassa, Nick D. Lloyd, E.J. (Ted) Llewellyn, Chris A. McLinden, Louis P. Piché, Kenneth W. Smith, Craig S. Haley and Chris Z. Roth

32 Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer on Sentinel-3 701
Peter Coppo, Dave Smith and Jens Nieke

33 High Performance Miniaturized Spectrometers for Low-cost Space Platforms 715
Roman V. Kruzelecky, Jonathan Lavoie and Wes Jamroz

Part SEVEN Other Types of Optical Sensors

34 Optical Payload of Canadian Sapphire Space Surveillance Mission 743
Alan Scott, John Paul Hackett, Kenneth W. Smith and Robert Michael Leitch

35 JWST Fine Guidance Sensor and Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph 757
Michael Maszkiewicz, Karl Saad, Neil Rowlands, René Doyon and John B. Hutchings

36 Optical Space Equipments Using Commercial Off-the-Shelf Devices 783
Shinichi Kimura, Tomohiro Narumi, Yoshihide Aoyanagi and Shinichi Nakasuka

37 Focal Plane Arrays for Optical Payloads 793
Oleg Djazovski

38 Lunar Imaging Sensor on Chinese Chang’E Mission 839
Li Wang and Yong]Chun Xie

Part EIGHT Nanosatellites and Microsatellites

39 BRITE-Constellation: Astronomy Nanosatellites 867
Karan Sarda, C. Cordell Grant, Monica Chaumont and Robert E. Zee

40 Next-generation for Earth Monitoring and Observation – Aerosol Monitor 881
Najmus S. Ibrahim, M. Imran Majid, Simon C. O. Grocott and Robert E. Zee

41 Next-generation for Earth Monitoring and Observation – High Definition Imaging and Video of Earth 895
Jakob Lifshits, Luke Stras, Simon C. O. Grocott, Freddy M. Pranajaya and Robert E. Zee

42 Optical Payloads on Microsatellites Hodoyoshi and UNIFORM 905
Korehiro Maeda, Akira Iwasaki, Shinichi Nakasuka, Toshinori Kuwahara and Hiroaki Akiyama

Index 923

Shen-En Qian is a senior scientist and technical authority at the Canadian Space Agency. He is an internationally recognized expert in optical spacecraft payloads, space technologies for satellite missions and deep space exploration, remote sensing, satellite signal processing and enhancement, on-board satellite data compression, data handling and international standards for spacecraft data systems. He has 30 years experience in these areas. He holds 17 patents in U.S., Europe, Canada and Australia. Dr. Qian is the sole author of three reference books on optical satellites and their signal processing and a co-author of four other books. He has published 100+ scientific papers and produced 100 unpublished proprietary technical reports. Dr. Qian is a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the International Society of Optics and Photonics Engineering (SPIE). He is an Associate Editor of Journal of Applied Remote Sensing. He is an adjunct professor at York University.