Monoclonal Antibodies and Functional Cell Lines, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1984 Progress and Applications

This volume serves as a follow-up to our previous book, MonoclonalAntibodies­ Hybridomas: A New Dimension in Biological Analyses. We continue the theme of monoclonal antibodies and their applications, attempting to cover some of the areas not covered in the previous volume. We again include an appendix de­ scribing methods useful to those who ar-e beginning to apply these techniques in their own laboratories. This volume will be followed by another concentrating on the combination of monoclonal antibody techniques with molecular genetic techniques to study structure/function relationships at the level of both the gene and gene product. Roger H. Kennett Kathleen B. Bechtol Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas J. McKearn Princeton, New Jersey IX Acknowledgments Roger Kennett acknowledges the patience and support of his wife, Carol, and his family, friends, and colleagues during the work on this volume, and again thanks, above all, the Lord, Jesus Christ. Kathleen Bechtol wishes to thank colleagues and friends for their support and understanding during the months of preparation of this volume. Tom McKearn acknowledges and thanks his wife, Pat, and his family for their support and encouragement. Xl Contents PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction: Reflections on Nine Years of Monoclonal Antibodies from Hybridomas 3 ROGER H. KENNETT, KATHLEEN B. BECHTOL, AND THOMAS J. McKEARN 1. Biotechnology'S "Coming of Age". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 II. Monoclonal Antibodies-An Overview of Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 III. Commercialization of Monoclonal Antibody Technology.. . . .. ... . .... .... .. . ... . . 10 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I Introduction.- 1 Introduction: Reflections on Nine Years of Monoclonal Antibodies from Hybridomas.- I. Biotechnology’s “Coming of Age”.- II. Monoclonal Antibodies—An Overview of Applications.- III. Commercialization of Monoclonal Antibody Technology.- References.- II Characterization of the Detailed Antigenic Structure of Macromolecules.- 2 Monoclonal Antibodies Directed against the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor.- I. Introduction.- II. Analysis of Acetylcholine Receptor by Monoclonal Antibodies.- III. Monoclonal Antibodies and Myasthenia.- IV. Summary.- References.- 3 Monoclonal Antibodies to Enzymes.- I. Introduction.- II. Literature Review.- III. Enzyme Genetics.- IV. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 4 Monoclonal Antibodies Directed to Cell-Surface Carbohydrates.- I. Introduction.- II. Naturally Occurring Monoclonal Myeloma Immunoglobulins Directed to Specific Carbohydrate Sequences.- III. Monoclonal Anticarbohydrate Antibodies Prepared by Hybndoma Technique.- IV. Applications and Prospects.- References.- III Detection and Isolation of Antigens in Complex Biological Systems.- 5 Adhesion-Related Integral Membrane Glycoproteins Identified by Monoclonal Antibodies.- I. Monoclonal Antibodies as Reagents for the Identification and Purification of Adhesion-Related Membrane Molecules.- II. Isolation of CSAT: An Adhesion-Perturbing Monoclonal Antibody.- III. Characterization of the CSAT Antigen.- IV. Effect of CSAT on Cell Morphology.- V. Effects of Cytochalasin B and Calcium on the Action of CSAT.- VI. Effect of CSAT on Matrix Adhesion.- VII. Localization of CSAT Antigen.- VIII. Hypothesis for the Role of the CSAT Antigen in Adhesion and Morphology.- References.- 6 Monoclonal Antibodies to Cytoskeletal Proteins.- I. Introduction.- II. Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for Cytoskeletal Proteins.- III. Identification of Antigens.- IV. Monoclonal Antibodies That Cross-React with Different Molecules.- V Immunofluorescent Localization of Cytoskeletal Proteins.- VI. Use of Monoclonal Antibodies to Isolate and Characterize Microfilaments from Tissue Culture Cells.- VII. Monoclonal Antibody Decoration of the Cytoskeleton at the Ultrastructural Level.- VIII. Microinjection of Monoclonal Antibodies into Living Cells.- References.- 7 Molecular Bases of Neuronal Individuality: Lessons from Anatomical and Biochemical Studies with Monoclonal Antibodies.- I. Introduction.- II. Antibodies to Neural Antigens: A Review of Recent Work.- III. An Experimental System for Studying Neuronal Individuality in Human Tissue.- IV. Striking Paucity of HLA-A,B,C Molecules on Cells of Neuronal Origin.- V. Tissue Distribution of Newly Defined Molecules.- VI. The Role of Protein Families in Cellular Individuality: Neurons May Express Characteristic Members of Widespread Protein Families.- VII. Other Aspects of Neuronal Individuality.- VIII. Protein Families as Building Blocks of Cellular Individuality.- IX. Clinical Applications.- X. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- IV Toward Practical Applications in Medicine.- 8 Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Lymphocytes: Clinical Application in the Therapy of Leukemia.- I. Introduction.- II. Animal Models.- III. Preclinical Studies in Nonhuman Primates.- IV. Clinical Studies.- References.- 9 Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Neuroblastoma Cells and Other Solid Tumors.- I. Introduction.- II. The Potential of Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Solid Tumor Cells.- III. Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Tumor-Associated Antigens.- IV. Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Neuroblastoma Cells.- V. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 10 Monoclonal Antibodies and Immunoparasitology.- I. Introduction.- II. The Use of Monoclonal Antibodies in Specific Parasitic Diseases.- III. Future Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunoparasitology.- IV. Summary.- References.- V Developing Areas of Biotechnology.- 11 Production of Human Monoclonal Antibodies.- I. Introduction.- II. Cell Fusion.- III. EBV Transformation.- IV. B-Cell Growth and in Vitro Immunization.- V. Recombinant DNA.- References.- 12 Monoclonal Antibodies and Molecular Genetics: Oncogenes and Oncogene Products.- I. Introduction.- II. Analysis of Molecular Structure with Monoclonal Antibodies.- III. Monoclonal Antibodies and DNA Technology.- IV. Oncogenes and Oncogene Products.- V. Summary and Discussion.- References.- 13 Functional Murine T-Cell Clones.- I. Introduction.- II. Conditions for Cloning T Lymphocytes.- III. Murine T-Cell Clones Reactive with Alloantigen.- IV. T-Cell Clones Reactive with Soluble Antigens.- V. Lymphokine Production by Cloned T Cells.- VI. Phenotypic Characteristics of Murine T-Cell Clones.- VII. Functions of Murine T-Cell Clones in Vivo.- VIII. Summary.- References.- Appendix Additional Methods for Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies and Continuous Cell Lines.- Zdenka L. Jonak and Roger H. Kennett.- Fusion of Nonadherent Human Cell Lines.- Kenneth E. Truitt, James W. Larrick, and James W. Larrick.- ELISA for Immunoglobulin Subclass Determination.- Anselmo Otero and Roger H. Kennett.- Immunofiltration: A Rapid Screening Assay for Detection of Antibodies Directed against Cell Surface Antigens.- Elliott K. Main, Mary Kate Hart, and Darcy B. Wilson.- Binding Inhibition by Cell Extracts.- Lois Alterman Lampson.- Immunoblots and Autoradiography Used to Analyze the Proteins Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies.- Cheryl A. Fisher and Lois Alterman Lampson.- Peroxidase as an Alternative to Radiolabels for Immunoblotting Assays.- Gerd G. Maul.- The Use of Streptavidin in the Detection of Monoclonal Antibodies.- Rosemary J. Versteegen and Christine Clark.- Solid Phase Identification and Molecular Weight Determination of Cell Membrane Antigens with Monoclonal Antibodies.- Roberto L. Ceriani.- Antigen Localization in Tissue Sections.- Kathleen B. Bechtol.- Microscopic Analysis of Monoclonal Antibody Binding to Agarose-Embedded Cell Lines.- Lois Alterman Lampson, James P. Whelan, and Carol J. Lawton.- Derivation of T-Cell Clones.- Andrew L. Glasebrook and Frank W. Fitch.- Methods for Transfection of Human DNA into Primary Mouse Lymphocytes and NIH/3T3 Mouse Fibroblasts.- Zdenka L. Jonak and Roger H. Kennett.- Cell Lines for Hybridoma Formation and References to Other Methods.