Geographical Variation in Waders, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998

Morphometrical differentiation 63 Prediction of breeding origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Body mass 69 Primary moult 69 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 The taxonomy of the Eurasian Golden Plover 69 The existence of a partial breast-feather moult during breeding 69 Morphometrical differentiation between both sexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 The occurrence of primary moult on the breeding grounds 70 Summary 70 6 Grey Plover - Pluvialis squatarola 71 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Morphometrical differentiation 77 Prediction of breeding origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Accuracy 81 Exclusivity 81 Contact zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Body mass 85 Primary moult 85 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 The taxonomy of the Grey Plover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Small size at northern latitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Morphometrical variation in the Palearctic 87 Summary 87 7 Red Knot - Calidris canutus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Morphometrical differentiation 93 Prediction of breeding origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Accuracy 99 Exclusivity 101 Contact zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Body mass 102 Primary moult 103 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 of the Knot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 The taxonomy Is the knot breeding in Yakutia? 106 Different degrees of geographical variation in the d'd' and !f!f 106 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 8 Sanderling - Calidris alba 109 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Morphometrical differentiation 111 Prediction of breeding origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Accuracy 116 Exclusivity 118 Contact zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Body mass 118 Primary moult 118 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 The taxonomy of the Sanderling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Sexing Sanderlings 119 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 VI 9 Curlew Sandpiper - Calidris ferruginea 121 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Morphometrical differentiation 123 Prediction of a bird's sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Accuracy 127 Exclusivity 127 Body mass 127 Primary moult 127 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 The taxonomy of the Curlew Sandpiper 127 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 Introduction.- Skin collections.- The phylogeography of waders.- Geographical variation, glaciations, and interstadials.- The inheritance of morphometric characters.- Geographical variation and taxonomy.- Phylogenetics.- 2 Material and methods.- The selected species.- Selecting breeding birds.- The measured variables.- Reliability and reproducibility of measurements.- Statistical analysis of the data.- The distinction of breeding populations.- Construction of a typology.- The difference between ‘types’ and breeding populations.- Predicting geographical breeding origins.- The accuracy of predictions.- The exclusivity of predictions.- Variable selection for future use.- 3 introduction to the species’ accounts.- General information.- The breeding range.- Geographical variation.- Wing structure.- 4 Ringed Plover — Charadrius hiaticula and Semipalmated Plover — Charadrius semipalmatus.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 5 Eurasian Golden Plover — Pluvialis apricaria.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 6 Grey Plover — Pluvialis squatarola.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 7 Red Knot — Calidris canutus.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 8 Sanderling — Calidris alba.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 9 Curlew Sandpiper — Calidris ferruginea.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Body mass.-Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 10 Purple Sandpiper — Calidris maritima.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 11 Dunlin — Calidris alpina.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 12 Black-tailed Godwit — Limosa limosa.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Discussion.- Summary.- 13 Bar-tailed Godwit — Limosa lapponica.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 14 Whimbrel — Numenius phaeopus.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 15 Eurasian Curlew — Numenius arquata.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 16 Redshank — Tringa totanus.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Contact zones.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 17 Ruddy Turnstone — Arenaria interpres.- Morphometrical differentiation.- Prediction of breeding origin.- Body mass.- Primary moult.- Discussion.- Summary.- 18 General discussion.- Variation among and within species.- Have long-distance migrants short and small wings?.- Morphometrics in relation to sexual size dimorphism.- Skewed sex-ratios on the breeding grounds.- Estimating the composition of wader populations.- Morphometrics and DNA-studies.- Geographical isolation in low arctic Canada.- Curlew species in Kazakhstan and S Russia.- Which measurements ought to be included in morphometric studies?.- 19 References.- Annex 1. Summary ofmorphometric data.- Annex 2. Lengths of primaries in relation to maximum wing lengths.- Annex 3. POSCON and the prediction of a bird’s breeding origin or sex.- I — The POSCON user manual.- II — the samples of breeding populations of waders.

'...This is an important modern study of the geographical variation in birds in general and waders in particular. It is therefore of great interest to systematic ornithologists and to all those field ornithologists involved in the ringing and measuring of waders during migration or on the wintering grounds., especially to those workers analysisng the large data sets gathered every year. Hopefully, this book will encourage eco-ethologists to undertake comparative studies of those conspesific wader populations which the authors have distinguished taxonomically.'Ethology, 106(1):1-104 (2000)'This is an impressive book in more ways than one. ... Should you buy this book? If you have any interest in waders then my answer would be an emphatic yes. ... It is an excellent book.'Ibis, 142 (2000)