The Adaptive Character of Thought Studies in Cognition Series
Auteur : Anderson John R.
This important volume examines the phenomena of cognition from an adaptive perspective. Rather than adhering to the typical practice in cognitive psychology of trying to predict behavior from a model of cognitive mechanisms, this book develops a number of models that successfully predict behavior from the structure of the environment to which cognition is adapted. The methodology -- called rational analysis -- involves specifying the information-processing goals of the system, the structure of the environment, and the computational constraints on the system, allowing predictions about behavior to be made by determining what behavior would be optimal under these assumptions. The Adaptive Character of Thought applies this methodology in great detail to four cognitive phenomena: memory, categorization, causal inference, and problem solving.
Contents: Part I:Introduction. Preliminaries. Levels of a Cognitive Theory. Current Formulation of the Levels Issues. The New Theoretical Framework. Is Human Cognition Rational? The Rest of This Book. Appendix: Non-Identifiability and Response Time. Part II:Memory. Preliminaries. A Rational Analysis of Human Memory. The History Factor. The Contextual Factor. Relationship of Need and Probability to Probability and Latency of Recall. Combining Information From Cues. Implementation in the ACT Framework. Effects of Subject Strategy. Conclusions. Part III:Categorization. Preliminaries. The Goal of Categorization. The Structure of the Environment. Recapitulation of Goals and Environment. The Optimal Solution. An Iterative Algorithm for Categorization. Application of the Algorithm. Survey of the Experimental Literature. Conclusion. Appendix: The Ideal Algorithm. Part IV:Causal Inference. Preliminaries. Basic Formulation of the Causal Inference Problem. Causal Estimation. Cues for Causal Inference. Integration of Statistical and Temporal Cues. Discrimination. Abstraction of Causal Laws. Implementation in a Production System. Conclusion. Appendix. Part V:Problem Solving. Preliminaries. Making a Choice Among Simple Actions. Combining Steps. Studies of Hill Climbing. Means-Ends Analysis. Instantiation of Indefinite Objects. Conclusions on Rational Analysis of Problem Solving. Implementation in ACT. Appendix: Problem Solving and Clotheslines. Part VI:Retrospective. Preliminaries. Twelve Questions About Rational Analysis.
Date de parution : 07-1990
15.2x22.9 cm
Date de parution : 11-2015
15.2x22.9 cm
Thème de The Adaptive Character of Thought :
Mots-clés :
rational; analysis; model; gamma; distribution; short; term; memory; limitations; serial; PDP Model; Successful Rational Analysis; Act Framework; Non-informative Priors; Base Rate Effect; Rational Analysis; Coupling Probability; Causal Rule; Classroom Information; Probability Matching; Basic Level Categories; Hill Climbing; Temporal Contiguity; Causal Law; Means Ends Analysis; Category Nodes; Category Labels; Paired Associate Recognition; Partial Plan; Information Retrieval Systems; High Frequency Categories; Bayesian Estimation Process; Correlated Features; Suppression Ratio; Small Monster