Public Management Reform in Turkey, 1st ed. 2020 The Impact of Europeanization and Beyond Public Administration, Governance and Globalization Series, Vol. 20

This book discusses the Europeanization of Turkish public administration since the early 2000s, offering an analysis of the transformation and basic features and problems of Turkish public administration in relation to the EU accession process.

The book consists of six chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter sets the stage by evaluating the public administration reforms in Turkey from the perspective of Europeanization and the European Administrative Space (EAS). The second chapter discusses the administrative procedures based on the European Union?s Charter of Fundamental Rights, and explains the EU?s relationship with accountable government and democracy. The third and fourth chapters examine the steps taken to improve civic participation in decision-making processes, and assess local governance reforms in Turkey with reference to Europeanization processes and the ?policy windows? approach developed by Kingdon. The next chapter addresses regionalization in Europe and its parallels in Turkey, especially in the context of the foundation of regional development agencies. Lastly, the book presents the reactions to the fragmentation of government envisaged by New Public Management (NPM) reforms and describes practices beyond fashioning an integrated administration. It also explores the transformation of the executive organ in terms of its change in status, in relation to other centers of political power. The conclusion provides an overview of the apparent oscillation of Turkish public administration in the 21st century, in terms of Europeanization processes.

This book is useful for academics studying public administration, public management reforms, Turkish politics, and the European Union, as well as government and diplomatic professionals in Turkey and the EU, especially those dealing with enlargement issues.

Chapter 1 Europeanization Processes

                1.1 Europeanization as a Concept

                1.2 Common Values and Principles

                                1.2.1 Principle of Obligatory Results

                                1.2.2 Principle of Blank Concepts

                                1.2.3 Right to Good Governance

                                1.2.4 Openness and Transparency Principle

                                1.2.5 Participation Principle

                                1.2.6 Accountability Principle

                                1.2.7 Effectiveness Principle

                                1.2.8 Implementation of the Acquis and Public Administration

                                1.2.9 Problems of Common Principles

                1.3. Common Processes and Practices

                                1.3.1 Convergence and Divergence of Procedures

                                1.3.2 Empowerment

                                1.3.3 Resolutions of European Court of Justice

                                1.3.4 PHARE Program

                                1.3.5 Twinning and EUPAN

                                1.3.6 Action Plan for Simplifying and Improving Regulatory Environment

                                1.3.7 Regulatory Impact Assessment

                                1.3.8 Common Assessment Framework

                                1.3.9 Annual Activity Reports

                                1.3.10 Strategic Planning and Programming (SPP) and Annual Policy Strategy (APS)

                1.4. Common Documents

                                1.4.1 Amsterdam Treaty

                                1.4.2 SIGMA Reports

                                1.4.3 Rules of Procedure of the Commission

                                1.4.4 White Papers

                                1.4.5 Reports of the Committee of Independent Experts

                                1.4.6 European Code of Good Administrative Behavior

                                1.4.7 Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe

                                1.4.9 Lisbon Treaty

                1.5. Common Institutions

                                1.5.1 European Economic and Social Committee

                                1.5.2 Committee of the Regions

                                1.5.3 Ombudsman

                                1.5.4 Internal Audit Service

                                1.5.5 European Administrative School

                                1.5.6 European Personnel Selection Office

                1.6 European Administrative Space and Turkey

                                1.6.1 Issues of Focus in Progress Reports

                                1.6.2 General Evaluation on Turkey

                References

Chapter 2 Administrative Procedures

                2.1 The Concept of Administrative Procedures

                                2.1.1 The Relation Between Democracy and Administrative Procedures

                                2.1.2 Examples of Administrative Procedure

                                2.1.3 The European Code of Good Administrative Behavior

                2.2 Administrative Procedure in Turkey

                                2.2.1 What Does the General Administrative Law Draft Offer?

                References

Chapter 3 Participatory Government

                3.1. Deliberative Policy Making

                                3.1.1 Democratization of Public Policy Process

                                3.1.2 The Relation between Public Policies and Citizens

                                3.1.3 Forms of Democratic Public Policy

                3.2 Local Level and Public Policy

                                3.2.1 Governance and Participation

                                3.2.2 Local Public Management and Public Policies

                                3.2.3 The Democratization of The Relationship Between The State and Society: The                         Redefinition of Citizenship

                                3.2.4 Citizen Participation in the Formulation and Management of Public Policies

                3.3 Participatory Democracy in Turkey

                                3.3.1 Legal Foundations

                3.4 Conclusion

                References

Chapter 4 Local Governance Reforms

                4.1 The Concept of “Policy Windows”

                4.2 Legal Aspects of Decentralization: 2004-2005 Legislations

                4.3 Political Aspects of Decentralization

                                4.3.1 Civil-Military Relations

                                4.3.2 Kurdish Problem

                                4.3.3 AKP’s Attempts to Change the Domestic Balance of Power

                4.4 The Turn of the Tide: 2008 and 2012 Legislations

                                4.4.1 Economies of Scale and Local Governments

                                4.4.2 The Metropolitan Municipality Law of 2008

                                4.4.3 The Law of 2012: The Search for “Optimal Scale”

                                4.4.4 Structural Changes Introduced by the New Model

                4.5 Conclusion

                References

Chapter 5 Regionalization Reforms

                5.1 Regionalization Processes in the EU

                5.2 Turkey’s Harmonization with European Regional Policy

                                5.2.1 “NUTS” and Structural Funds

                                5.2.2 Regional Development Agencies

                5.3 Conclusion

                References

Chapter 6 Re-centralization in Government

                6.1 NPM Reforms in European Countries

                6.2 Post-NPM Tendencies

                6.3 NPM, Post-NPM and Reforms

                6.4 Post-NPM and Re-Centralization in Turkey

                                6.4.1 General Institutional Review of the Government

                                6.4.2 Expansion of the Prime Minister’s Office After 2003

                                6.4.3 Transformation of Independent Regulatory Agencies

                                6.4.4 Reform in the Cabinet

                                6.4.5 Expansion of the President’s Office

                                6.4.6 Adoption of the Presidential Government System

                6.5 Conclusion

Conclusion

                References

Fatih Demir is an Associate Professor of Public Administration at Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. He received his BA in Political Science from Bilkent University, Turkey. He has a Ph.D. in Public Administration.

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