Handbook of Global Urban Health The Metropolis and Modern Life Series

Through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives, and with an emphasis on exploring patterns as well as distinct and unique conditions across the globe, this collection examines advanced and cutting-edge theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the health of urban populations. Despite the growing interest in global urban health, there are limited resources available that provide an extensive and advanced exploration into the health of urban populations in a transnational context.

This volume offers a high-quality and comprehensive examination of global urban health issues by leading urban health scholars from around the world. The book brings together a multi-disciplinary perspective on urban health, with chapter contributions emphasizing disciplines in the social sciences, construction sciences and medical sciences. The co-editors of the collection come from a number of different disciplinary backgrounds that have been at the forefront of urban health research, including public health, epidemiology, geography, city planning and urban design.

The book is intended to be a reference in global urban health for research libraries and faculty collections. It will also be appropriate as a text for university class adoption in upper-division under-graduate courses and above. The proposed volume is extensive and offers enough breadth and depth to enable it to be used for courses emphasizing a U.S., or wider Western perspective, as well as courses on urban health emphasizing a global context.

Contents

Acknowledgments

I) Urban Health: an introduction and overview

1) Introduction (Editors)

2) Urban health: A history

Susan Craddock (Professor and Interim Director, Center for Bioethics / Institute for Global Studies / Department of Gender, Women, and Sexuality Studies, University of Minnesota) and

Tim Brown (Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography, Queen Mary, University of London)

3) Sin in the city: An urban history of medicine and modern morality in Turkey

Emine Ö. Evered (Department of History, Michigan State University) and Kyle Evered (Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University)

4) Healthcare and the city: A North American perspective

Mark Rosenberg (Department of Geography, Queen’s University)

5) Delivering urban health through urban planning and design

Laurence Carmichael (Architecture and the Built Environment, University of the West of England)

2) HEALTHCARE POLICY AND URBAN HEALTH SERVICES

6) Cities, immigration, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Michael K. Gusmano (School of Public Health, Rutgers University)

7) Voluntary sector and urban health systems

Andrew Power (Department of Geography, University of Southampton) and Mark Skinner (Professor of Geography, Trent University)

8) Urban policies and health in Latin America and the Caribbean

S. Claire Slesinski (Drexel Urban Health Collaborative), Adriana C. Lein (Drexel Urban Health Collaborative), Ana V. Diez Roux (Drexel Urban Health Collaborative), and Waleska T. Caiaffa (Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte City, Brazil)

9) Access to healthcare for the urban poor in Nairobi, Kenya: Harnessing the role of the private sector in informal settlements and a human rights-based approach to health policy

Pauline Bakibinga (African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya) and Elizabeth Bakibinga-Gaswaga (Law Development at the Commonwealth Secretariat Headquarters, London)

10) Medical travel/tourism and the city

Meghann Ormond (Cultural Geography, Wageningen University, Netherlands) and Heidi Kaspar (Careum Research, Kalaidos University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland)

11) Health system and immigrants: A focus on urban France

Anne-Cécile Hoyez (CNRS Research Officer, UMR ESO, Université Rennes 2, France), Clélia Gasquet-Blanchard (Geography, the French School of Public Health, EHESP) and Céline Bergeon (Geography, University of Poitiers, France)

3) MENTAL hEALTH AND WELLBEING: AN URBAN CONTEXT

12) Urban mental health

James Lowe (Geography, University of Southampton)

13) Children’s resilience and mental health in the urban context

Maureen Mooney (School of Psychology, Massey University)

14) Welfare facilities and happiness of the elderly in urban Korea

Danya Kim (Research Fellow Korean Culture & Tourism Institute) and Jangik Jin (Department of Real Estate, Graduate School of Tourism, Kyung Hee University)

15) Public space and pedestrian stress perception: Insights from Darmstadt, Germany

Martin Knöll (Department of Architecture, Technical University of Darmstadt), Marianne Halblaub Miranda (Department of Architecture, Technical University of Darmstadt), Thomas Cleff (Economics of Innovation and Industrial Dynamics, Pforzheim University), and Annette Rudolph-Cleff (Department of Architecture, Technical University of Darmstadt)

16) Cities and indigenous communitites: The health and wellbeing of urban Māori in Aotearoa, New Zealand

John Ryks (Director, Aria Research), Naomi Simmonds and Jesse Whitehead (University of Waikato)

17) Landscape restructuring in the shrinking city and implications for mental health

Jared Olsen, Lora Daskalska, Kelly Hoorman, Kirsten Beyer (Public and Community Health, Medical College of Wisconsin)

4) vulnerable URBAN populations

18) Challenges to public health in the favelas of metropolitan Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Alon Unger (School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco), Lee W. Riley (Division of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Berkeley), Robert E. Snyder (Division of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Berkeley), and Claudete Araújo Cardoso (Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal Fluminense)

19) Taking action to improve Indigenous health in the cities of Québec and elsewhere in Canada: the example of the Minowé Clinic at the Val-d'Or Native Friendship Centre

Carole Lévesque (Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Université du Québec), Édith Cloutier (Val-d’Or Native Friendship Centre), Ioana Radu (Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Université du Québec), Dominique Parent-Manseau (Val-d’Or Native Friendship Centre), Stéphane Laroche (Val-d’Or Native Friendship Centre), Natasha Blanchet-Cohen (Department of Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University)

20) Refugees and health: A European urban context

Gordana Rabrenovic (Director of Brudnick Center on Violence, Northeastern University), Danijela V. Spasic (Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, University of Belgrade) and Tibrine da Fonseca (Department of Anthropology & Sociology, Northeastern University)

21) Refugees and health in urban Africa

Sheru Wanyua Muuo (African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya)

22) A statewide comparison of Florida urban cancer rates

Monghyeon Lee, Daniel Griffith and Yongwan Chun (School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas)

23) African cities and Ebola

Zacchaeus Anywaine and Ggayi Abubaker Mustapher (Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute [MRC/UVRI] and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [LSHTM] Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda)

5) VIOLENCE AND INJURIES

24) Injuries in the city: A global perspective

Marie-Soleil Cloutier (INRS-Montreal) and Andrew Howard (Professor, Departments of Surgery and Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto)

25) Alcohol availability and crime in post-disaster Christchurch, New Zealand: Implications for health in cities

Gregory Breetzke (University of Pretoria, Department of Geography) and Amber L. Pearson (Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University)

26) Urban gun violence

Jack McDevitt (Associate Dean of Research, Director, Institute of Race and Justice, Northeastern University) and Janice Iwama (Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Boston)

27) European street gangs and urban violence

Keir Irwin-Rogers (Criminology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The Open University), Scott H. Decker (School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University), Amir Rostami (Department of Sociology, Stockholm University), Svetlana Stephenson (Sociology, London Metropolitan University) and Elke Van Hellemont (Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research, University of Kent)

28) Neighborhood recovery and community wellbeing in cities following natural disasters: Findings from Christchurch, New Zealand

Vivienne Ivory, Chris Bowie, Clare Robertson (Opus International, New Zealand) and Amber L. Pearson (Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University)

6) POLLUTANTS, ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND URBAN HEALTH

29) Urban slums, drinking water and health: Trends and lessons from Sub-Saharan Africa

Ellis Adjei Adams (Georgia State University, Global Studies Institute), Heather Price (Stirling University) and Justin Stoler (University of Miami, Department of Geography)

30) Environmental exposure disparities and gentrified inequities: A Seattle, Washington context

Jonah White (Michigan State University) and Troy Abel (Western Washington University)

31) Accessing air quality risk in an urban minority community: Williamsburg, Brooklyn

Ivan Ramirez (Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Denver), Ana Baptista (Milano School of International Affairs, The New School), Jieun Lee (Department of Geography and GIS, University of Northern Colorado), Ana Traverso-Krejcarek (El Puente) and Andreah Santos (Eugene Lang College, The New School)

32) Ambient air pollution, urbanization, and population health in Shanghai

Wei Tu (Department of Geology and Geography, Georgia Southern University), Zhijing Lin (School of Public Health, Fudan University), Haidong Kan (School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University) and Weichun Ma (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University)

7) PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ROLE OF the built environment

33) Transport, urban regeneration and health: An issue across scale

Angela Curl (Canterbury University) and Julie Clark (University of Liverpool)

34) Rice, men, and other everyday anxieties: Navigating obesogenic urban food environments in Osaka, Japan

Cindi SturtzSreetharan (School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University) and Alexandra Brewis (School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University)

35) The built environment, physical activity, and obesity: Exploring burdens on vulnerable U.S. populations

Igor Vojnovic, Zeenat Kotval-K (Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University), Jieun Lee (Department of Geography and GIS, University of Northern Colorado), Jeanette Eckert (Office of Research Compliance, University of Toledo), Jiang Chang, Wei Liu, Xiaomeng Li and Arika Ligmann-Zielinska (Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University)

36) Public health challenges with Sub-Saharan African informal settlements: A case study of Malaria in Yaoundé

Roland Ngom (University of Calgary, Department of Geography, and Geoimpacts Consulting)

37) Health oriented city development in Germany: Urban planning and design approaches going beyond professional boundaries

Angela Million (Department for City and Regional Planning, Technical University of Berlin, Chair for Urban Design and Urban Development) and Andrea Ruediger (School of Spatial Planning, Department of City Planning, TU Dortmund)

38) Flint, Michigan’s food crisis: Retail abandonment, social and economic burdens, and local food-oriented solutions

Rick Sadler (Michigan State University, Division of Public Health, College of Human Medicine)

39) Urban housing and public health: A Los Angeles study

Victoria Basolo and Edith Medina Huarita (Department of Policy, Planning and Design, University of California, Irvine)

Igor Vojnovic is Professor and Interim Director of the Global Urban Studies Program at Michigan State University. His main area of research focuses on urban (re)development processes and the study of resulting socio-economic, physical, environmental and health impacts. He holds appointments in the Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, the School of Planning, Design, and Construction and the Global Urban Studies Program. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Urban Affairs.

Amber L. Pearson is an Assistant Professor at Michigan State University in the Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences and an Honorary Fellow at the University of Otago, Department of Public Health. She is a health geographer with a focus on social justice. She employs spatial and epidemiological methods to understand processes that lead to or exacerbate health inequalities globally. In her research she aims to explore aspects of the built, physical and social environment which can bolster equitable health.

Gershim Asiki is a medical doctor with a PhD in Epidemiology, and an Associate Research Scientist at the African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC) in Nairobi, Kenya. His research focuses on generating evidence to drive stronger and more resilient systems for improved health of vulnerable populations. He has worked as a frontline physician (2001–2005) in a district hospital in Uganda, as a research scientist at the British Medical Research Council Unit in Uganda (2008–2015) and as a Technical Advisor with Columbia University (ICAP project) in Uganda, Cameroon and Namibia (2015–2017) leading country-wide population based HIV impact assessments. He currently leads research on chronic diseases, testing models for strengthening health systems' response to epidemiological trends of non-communicable diseases to influence policy and transform lives of vulnerable populations across Africa.

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