Beyond Ethnic Politics in Africa

Why do ethnic politics emerge in some ethnically diverse societies but not others? Focusing on sub-Saharan Africa, Dominika Koter argues that the prevailing social structures of a country play a central role in how politicians attempt to mobilize voters. In particular, politicians consider the strength of local leaders, such as chiefs or religious dignitaries, who have historically played a crucial role in many parts of rural Africa. Local leaders can change the electoral dynamics by helping politicians secure votes among people of different ethnicities. Ethnic politics thus can be avoided where there are local leaders who can serve as credible electoral intermediaries between voters and politicians. Koter shows that there is widespread variation in the standing of local leaders across Africa, as a result of long-term historical trends, which has meant that politicians have mobilized voters in qualitatively different ways, resulting in different levels of ethnic politics across the continent.

1. The challenge of winning votes and ethnic politics in Africa; 2. A theory of social ties and electoral politics; 3. Social structure and its origins; 4. Mobilization strategies and electoral outcomes in Senegal and Benin; 5. Intermediaries in urban and rural settings; 6. Social structure and ethnic politics in Africa and beyond; 7. Conclusion.

Dominika Koter is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Colgate University, New York. She received the Gregory Luebbert Award for Best Article in Comparative Politics and the African Politics Conference Groups' award for best article published on African politics in 2013.