Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems Strategies, Technologies, and Applications

Frank discussions of opportunities and challenges point the way to new, more effective drug delivery systems

Interest in nanomedicine has grown tremendously, fueled by the expectation that continued research will lead to the safe, efficient, and cost-effective delivery of drugs or imaging agents to human tissues and organs. The field, however, has faced several challenges attempting to translate novel ideas into clinical benefits. With contributions from an international team of leading nanomedicine researchers, this book provides a practical assessment of the possibilities and the challenges of modern nanomedicine that will enable the development of clinically effective nanoparticulate drug delivery products and systems.

Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems focuses on the rationales and preclinical evaluation of new nanoparticulate drug carriers that have yet to be thoroughly reviewed in the literature. The first chapter sets the stage with a general overview of targeted nanomedicine. The book then explores new and promising nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, including:

• Lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of nucleic acids
• Multifunctional dendritic nanocarriers
• Polymer drug nanoconjugates

Next, the book presents new opportunities and challenges for nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, including:

• Clearance of nanoparticles during circulation
• Drug delivery strategies for combatting multiple drug resistance
• Toxicological assessment of nanomedicine

Chapters offer state-of-the-technology reviews with extensive references to facilitate further investigation. Moreover, each chapter concludes with an expert assessment of remaining challenges, pointing the way to solutions and new avenues of research.

With its frank discussions of opportunities and challenges, Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems sets a solid foundation for new research leading to the discovery and development of better nanomedicines.

Preface vii

Contributors ix

1 Tumor-Targeted Nanoparticles: State-of-the-Art and Remaining Challenges 1
Gaurav Bajaj and Yoon Yeo

2 Applications of Ligand-Engineered Nanomedicines 21
Gayong Shim, Joo Yeon Park, Lee Dong Roh, Yu-Kyoung Oh, and Sangbin Lee

3 Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Nucleic Acids 51
Yuhua Wang and Leaf Huang

4 Photosensitive Liposomes as Potential Targeted Therapeutic Agents 81
David H. Thompson, Pochi Shum, Oleg V. Gerasimov, and Marquita Qualls

5 Multifunctional Dendritic Nanocarriers: The Architecture and Applications in Targeted Drug Delivery 101
Ryan M. Pearson, Jin Woo Bae, and Seungpyo Hong

6 Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications 129
Heebeom Koo, Kuiwon Choi, Ick Chan Kwon, and Kwangmeyung Kim

7 Polymer–Drug Nanoconjugates 151
Rong Tong, Li Tang, Nathan P. Gabrielson, Qian Yin, and Jianjun Cheng

8 Nanocrystals Production, Characterization, and Application for Cancer Therapy 183
Christin P. Hollis and Tonglei Li

9 Clearance of Nanoparticles During Circulation 209
Seung-Young Lee and Ji-Xin Cheng

10 Drug Delivery Strategies for Combating Multiple Drug Resistance 241
Joseph W. Nichols and You Han Bae

11 Intracellular Trafficking of Nanoparticles: Implications for Therapeutic Efficacy of the Encapsulated Drug 261
Lin Niu and Jayanth Panyam

12 Toxicological Assessment of Nanomedicine 281
Hayley Nehoff, Sebastien Taurin, and Khaled Greish

Index 307

YOON YEO, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy at the College of Pharmacy at Purdue University. She also holds a joint appointment as Assistant Professor at Purdue's Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering. Her research focuses on nanoparticle surface engineering for drug delivery to solid tumors, inhalable drug/gene delivery for cystic fibrosis therapy, and functional biomaterials based on carbohydrates. Dr. Yeo is the recipient of the NSF CAREER Award as well as New Investigator awards from both the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists and the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.