Membrane Structure and Mechanisms of Biological Energy Transduction, 1973

The problem of electron transfer phosphorylation was first formu­ lated in 1939 by Belitser and Tsibakova I who introduced the "P: 0" criterion and showed that this ratio is more than 1. The authors noted that such a high value of the phosphorylation coefficient suggests a fundamental difference in the mechanisms of A TP formation coupled with respiration, and glycolysis, since in the latter case, the amount of the ATP synthesized is equal to that of the substrate utilized. A lot of hypothetical schemes were put forward to explain the nature of coupling between electron transfer and phosphorylation, but none of them solved the problem. Only quite recently, one hypo­ thetical scheme of energy coupling, viz. Mitchell's chemiosmotic concept, 2.3 was supported by experimental data which allow us to prefer it to alternative possibilities. In this paper, I shall try to substantiate the statement that oxidation and phosphorylation can be coupled via a membrane potential as was postulated by Mitchell.

A: Mechanisms of Biological Energy Transduction.- The Development of Bioenergetics.- Chemiosmotic Coupling in Energy Transduction: A Logical Development of Biochemical Knowledge.- Solution of the Problem of Energy Coupling in Terms of Chemiosmotic Theory.- A Model of Membrane Biogenesis.- Energy Transduction in the Functional Membrane of Photosynthesis: Results by Pulse Spectroscopic Methods.- Toward a Theory of Muscle Contraction.- Bioenergetics of Nerve Excitation.- An Analytical Appraisal of Energy Transduction Mechanisms.- Oxidative Phosphorylation, A History of Unsuccessful Attempts: Is It Only An Experimental Problem?.- On the Coupling of Electron Transport to Phosphorylation.- Functional Organization of Intramembrane Particles of Mitochondrial Inner Membranes.- On Energy Conservation and Transfer in Mitochondria.- An Enzymological Approach to Mitochondrial Energy Transduction.- ATP Synthesis in Oxidative Phosphorylation: A Direct-Union Stereochemical Reaction Mechanism.- The Electromechanochemical Model of Mitochondrial Structure and Function.- B: Membrane Structure.- The Relationship of the (Na+ + K+)-Activated Enzyme System to Transport of Sodium and Potassium Across the Cell Membrane.- On the Meaning of Effects of Substrate Structure on Biological Transport.- Performance and Conservation of Osmotic Work by Proton-Coupled Solute Porter Systems.- Molecular Basis for the Action of Macrocyclic Carriers on Passive Ionic Translocation Across Lipid Bilayer Membranes.- Mechanisms of Energy Conservation in the Mitochondrial Membrane.- Biogenesis of Mitochondria 23. The Biochemical and Genetic Characteristics of Two Different Oligomycin Resistant Mutants of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Under the Influence of Cytoplasmic Genetic Modification.- A Physio-chemical Basis for Anion, Cation and Proton Distributions between Rat-liver Mitochondria and the Suspending Medium.- Microwave Hall Mobility Measurements on Heavy Beef Heart Mitochondria.- Possible Mechanisms for the Linkage of Membrane Potentials to Metabolism by Electrogenic Transport Processes with Special Reference to Ascaris Muscle.- The Effect of Redox Potential on the Coupling Between Rapid Hydrogen-Ion Binding and Electron Transport in Chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas Spheroides.- A Note on Some Old and Some Possible New Redox Indicators.- The Role of Lipid-Linked Activated Sugars in Glycosylation Reactions.- Lipid-Protein Interactions in the Structure of Biological Membranes.- Structure-Function Unitization Model of Biological Membranes.- The Influence of Temperature-Induced Phase Changes on the Kinetics of Respiratory and Other Membrane-Associated Enzyme Systems.- Interactions at the Surface of Plant Cell Protoplasts; An Electrophoretic and Freeze-etch Study.