Handbook of Bacterial Adhesion, 2000 Principles, Methods, and Applications

Research on bacterial adhesion and its significance is a major field involving many different aspects of nature and human life, such as marine science, soil and plant ecology, most importantly, the biomedical field. The adhesion ofbacteria to the food industry, and human tissue surfaces and implanted biomaterial surfaces is an important step in the patho­ genesis of infection. Handbook 0/ Bacterial Adhesion: Principles, Methods, and Applications is an outgrowth of the editors' own quest for information on laboratory techniques for studying bacte­ rial adhesion to biomaterials, bone, and other tissues and, more importantly, a response to significant needs in the research community. This book is designed to be an experimental guide for biomedical scientists, biomaterials scientists, students, laboratory technicians, or anyone who plans to conduct bacterial adhesion studies. More specifically, it is intended for all those researchers facing the chal­ lenge of implant infections in such devices as orthopedic prostheses, cardiovascular devices or catheters, cerebrospinal fluid shunts or extradural catheters, thoracic or abdominal catheters, portosystemic shunts or bile stents, urological catheters or stents, plastic surgical implants, oral or maxillofacial implants, contraceptive implants, or even contact lenses. It also covers research methods for the study of bacterial adhesion to tis­ sues such as teeth, respiratory mucosa, intestinal mucosa, and the urinary tract. In short, it constitutes a handbook for biomechanical and bioengineering researchers and students at all levels.

Part I. Mechanisms of Microbial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation. Mechanisms of Bacterial Adhesion and Pathogenesis of Implant and Tissue Infections, Yuehuei H. An, Richard B. Dickinson, and Ronald J. Doyle. Molecular Basis of Bacterial Adhesion, Thomas Boland, Robert A. Latour, and Fred J. Stutzenberger. Molecular Genetics of Bacterial Attachment and Biofouling, Helen M. Dalton and Paul E. March. Factors Influencing Bacterial Adhesion, Katharine Merritt and Yuehuei H. An. Nonspecific Staphylococcus epidermis Adhesion: Contributions of Biomaterial Hydrophobicity and Charge, Katanchalee Vacheethasanee and Roger E. Marchant. Effects of Surface Roughness and Free Energy on Oral Bacterial Adhesion, Marc Quirynen, Kurt Dierickx, and Daniel van Steenberghe. Part II. General Considerations and Methods for Studying Microbial Adhesion and Biofilm. Basic Equipment and Microbiological Techniques for Studying Bacterial Adhesion, Kylie L. Martin and Yuehuei H. An. General Considerations for Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Biomaterials, Yuehuei H. An and Piotr Skowronski. Laboratory Culture and Analysis of Microbial Biofilms, Chris H. Sissons, Lisa Wong, and Yuehuei H. An. Monitoring the Organization of Microbial Biofilm Communities, Subramanian Karthikeyan, Darren R. Korber, Gideon M. Wolfaardt, and Douglas E. Caldwell. Models and Measurement of Bacterial Growth Rates on Polymers, William G. Pitt and Alan J. Barton. Analysis of Gene Expression in Biofilm Bacteria, Robert A. Burne and Yi-Ywan M. Chen. Part III. Techniques for Studying Microbial Adhesion and Biofilm Methods for Evaluating Attached Bacteria and Biofilm: An Overview, Gordon D. Christensen, W. Andrew Simpson, Jeffrey O. Anglen, and Barry J. Gainor. Evaluating Adherent Bacteria and Biofilm Using Electron Microscopy, Theresa A. Fassel and Charles E. Edmiston. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy for Examination of Microbial Biofilms, Colin G. Adair, Sean P. Gorman, Lisa B. Byers, David S. Jones, and Thomas A. Gardiner. Quantitation of Bacterial Adhesion to Biomaterials Using Radiolabeling Techniques, Syed F. Mohammad and Reza Ardehali. Evaluating Adherent Bacteria and Biofilm Using Biochemical and Immunochemical Methods, W. Michael Dunne, Jr. Evaluating Bacterial Adhesion Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Anneta Razatos and George Georgiou. Direct Measurement of Long-Range Interaction Forces Between a Single Bacterium and a Substrate Using an Optical Trap, Richard B. Dickinson, Aaron R. Clapp, and Stephen E. Truesdail. Part IV. Studying Microbial Adhesion to Biomaterials, Staphylococcal Factors Involved in Adhesion and Biofilm Formation on Biomaterials, Dietrich Mack, Katrin Bartscht, Sabine Dobinsky, Matthias A. Horstkotte, Kathrin Kiel, Johannes K.-M. Knobloch, and Peter Schäfer. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Irregular or Porous Surfaces, Lucio Montanaro and Carla R. Arciola. Studying Bacterial Colonization of Tubular Medical Devices, Gregor Reid. Studying Plaque Biofilms on Various Dental Surfaces, Doron Steinberg. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Bile Stents, Jian-Lin Yu and Roland Andersson. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Hydrogel Contact Lenses, Manal M. Gabriel and Donald G. Ahearn. In Vivo Models for Studying Staphylococcal Adhesion to Biomaterials, Pierre E. Vaudaux. Part V. Studying Microbial Adhesion to Host Tissue. Characterization of Staphylococcal Adhesins for Adherence to Host Tissue, Mark S. Smeltzer. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Tooth Surfaces, Shigetada Kawabata, Taku Fujiwara, and Shigeyuki Hamada. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Respiratory Mucosa, Maria Cristina Plotkowski, Sophie de Bentzmann, and Edith Puchelle. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Endothelial Cells, Frank D. Lowy and David A. Elliott. Studying Bacterial Adhesion to Gastric Epithelium, Shunji Hayashi, Yoshikazu Hirai, Toshiro Sugiyama, Masahiro Asaka, Kenji Yokota, and Keiji Oguma. Studying Bacterial Adhesion in the Urinary Tract, James A. Roberts and M. Bernice Kaack. Studying Candida albicans