Dynamic Magma Evolution Geophysical Monograph Series

Explores the complex physico-chemical processes involved in active volcanism and dynamic magmatism

Understanding the magmatic processes responsible for the chemical and textural signatures of volcanic products and igneous rocks is crucial for monitoring, forecasting, and mitigating the impacts of volcanic activity.

Dynamic Magma Evolution is a compilation of recent geochemical, petrological, physical, and thermodynamic studies. It combines field research, experimental results, theoretical approaches, unconventional and novel techniques, and computational modeling to present the latest developments in the field.

Volume highlights include:

• Crystallization and degassing processes in magmatic environments
• Bubble and mineral nucleation and growth induced by cooling and decompression
• Kinetic processes during magma ascent to the surface
• Magma mixing, mingling, and recharge dynamics
• Geo-speedometer measurement of volcanic events
• Changes in magma rheology induced by mineral and volatile content

The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Contributors vii

Preface ix

Part I: Timescales and Time Sensor

1. Rates and Timescales of Magma Transfer, Storage, Emplacement, and Eruption 3
Maurizio Petrelli and Georg F. Zellmer

2. Boundary-Layer Melts Entrapped as Melt Inclusions? The Case of Phosphorus‐ and CO₂‐Rich Spinel‐Hosted Melt Inclusions from El Hierro, Canary Islands 43
Marc‐Antoine Longpré, John Stix, and Nobumichi Shimizu

3. Apatite as a Monitor of Dynamic Magmatic Evolution at Torfajökull Volcanic Center, Iceland 61
Lissie Connors, Tamara L. Carley, and Adrian Fiege

4. Control of Magma Plumbing Systems on Long‐Term Eruptive Behavior of Sakurajima Volcano, Japan: Insights from Crystal‐Size‐Distribution Analysis 89
Shunsuke Yamashita and Atsushi Toramaru

Part II: Physical Properties in Magma

5. Dynamics of Volcanic Systems: Physical and Chemical Models Applied to Equilibrium Versus Disequilibrium Solidification of Magmas 101
Letizia Giuliani, Gianluca Iezzi, and Silvio Mollo

6. Architecture of the Magmatic System in the Main Ethiopian Rift 133
Sabrina Nazzareni, Stefano Rossi, Maurizio Petrelli, and Luca Caricchi

7. Rheological Behavior of Partly Crystallized Silicate Melts Under Variable Shear Rate 153
Francesco Vetere and François Holtz

8. Investigating the Crystallization Kinetics Via Time‐Resolved Neutron Diffraction 169
Marco Zanatta, Caterina Petrillo, and Francesco Sacchetti

9. Axial Melt‐Lens Dynamics at Fast Spreading Midocean Ridges 179
Jürgen Koepke and Chao Zhang

Index 207

Francesco Vetere, University of Perugia, Italy