Freshwater Fisheries Ecology

Inland fisheries are vital for the livelihoods and food resources of humans worldwide but their importance is underestimated, probably because large numbers of small, local operators are involved.

Freshwater Fisheries Ecology defines what we have globally, what we are going to lose and mitigate for, and what, given the right tools, we can save. To estimate potential production, the dynamics of freshwater ecosystems (rivers, lakes and estuaries) need to be understood. These dynamics are diverse, as are the earth?s freshwater fisheries resources (from boreal to tropical regions), and these influence how fisheries are both utilized and abused. Three main types of fisheries are illustrated within the book: artisanal, commercial and recreational, and the tools which have evolved for fisheries governance and management, including assessment methods, are described.

The book also covers in detail fisheries development, providing information on improving fisheries through environmental and habitat evaluation, enhancement and rehabilitation, aquaculture, genetically modified fishes and sustainability. The book thoroughly reviews the negative impacts on fisheries including excessive harvesting, climate change, toxicology, impoundments, barriers and abstractions, non-native species and eutrophication. Finally, key areas of future research are outlined.

Freshwater Fisheries Ecology is truly a landmark publication, containing contributions from over 100 leading experts and supported by the Fisheries Society of the British Isles. The global approach makes this book essential reading for fish biologists, fisheries scientists and ecologists and upper level students in these disciplines. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where biological and fisheries sciences are studied and taught should have multiple copies of this hugely valuable resource.

About the Editor
John Craig is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Fish Biology and has an enormous range of expertise and a wealth of knowledge of freshwater fishes and their ecology, having studied them around the globe, including in Asia, North America, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. His particular interests have been in population dynamics and life history strategies. He is a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London and the Royal Society of Biology.

List of contributors x

Foreword xiv

Preface xv

Acknowledgements xvi

Section 1: Freshwater fisheries ecology

1.1 Introduction 3
John F. Craig

Section 2: Freshwater ecosystems

2.1 Introduction 7
John F. Craig

2.2 The dynamics of rivers in relation to fishes and fisheries 9
Geoff Petts, Marie‐Pierre Gosselin and Janina Gray

2.3 The dynamics of lakes in relation to fishes and fisheries 31
Brian Moss

2.4 The physico‐chemical characteristics, biota and fisheries of estuaries 48
Ian C. Potter, Richard M. Warwick, Norm G. Hall and James R. Tweedley

Section 3: Freshwater resources

3.1 Introduction 83
John F. Craig

3.2 Northern North America 85
Wiliam Tonn, Heidi Swanson, Cynthia Paszkowski, Justin Hanisch and Louise Chavarie

3.3 Fennoscandian freshwater fishes: diversity, use, threats and management 101
Bror Jonsson and Nina Jonsson

3.4 Fishery and freshwater ecosystems of Russia: status, trends, research, management and priorities, 120
Yury Yu. Dgebuadze

3.5 Fishery of the Laurentian Great Lakes 134
Thomas E. Lauer

3.6 Canadian freshwater fishes, fisheries and their management, south of 60°N 151
John R. Post, Nicholas Mandrak and Mary Burridge

3.7 Freshwater fisheries of the United States 166
Thomas E. Lauer and Mark Pyron

3.8 Fisheries in the densely populated landscapes of Western Europe 181
Ian J. Winfield and Daniel Gerdeaux

3.9 Freshwater resources and fisheries in Slovakia 191
Andrea Novomeská and Vladimír Kováč

3.10 Freshwater resources and fisheries in Hungary 196
András Specziár and Tibor Erős

3.11 Freshwater resources and fisheries in the Czech Republic 201
Pavel Horký

3.12 Problems and challenges of fish stock management in fresh waters of Poland 208
Zbigniew Kaczkowski and Joanna Grabowska

3.13 Nature and status of freshwater fisheries in Belarus 216
Vitaliy Semenchenko, Victor Rizevski and Inna Ermolaeva

3.14 Current state of freshwater fisheries in China 221
Yahui Zhao, Rodolphe Elie Gozlan and Chunguang Zhang

3.15 Japanese inland fisheries and aquaculture: status and trends 231
Osamu Katano, Hiroshi Hakoyama and Shin‐ichiro S. Matsuzaki

3.16 Fisheries in subtropical and temperate regions of Africa 241
Olaf L. F. Weyl and Paul D. Cowley

3.17 Freshwater fisheries resources in subtropical America 256
Rafael Miranda

3.18 Iberian inland fisheries 268
Carlos Antunes, Fernando Cobo and Mário Jorge Araújo

3.19 Nature and status of freshwater and estuarine fisheries in Italy and Western Balkans 283
Pier Giorgio Bianco and Valerio Ketmaier

3.20 Fisheries ecology of Greece 292
Ioannis D. Leonardos

3.21 The ecology of inland fisheries of Turkey 304
Sedat V. Yerli

3.22 Fisheries ecology in South American river basins, 311
Mário Barletta, Victor E. Cussac, Angelo A. Agostinho, Claudio Baigún, Edson K. Okada, Agostinho Carlos Catella, Nelson F. Fontoura, Paulo S. Pompeu, Luz F. Jiménez‐Segura, Vandick S. Batista, Carlos A. Lasso, Donald Taphorn and Nídia N. Fabré

3.23 Inland fisheries of tropical Africa 349
Brian E. Marshall

3.24 Fisheries of the rivers of Southeast Asia 363
Robin L. Welcomme, Ian G. Baird, David Dudgeon, Ashley Halls, Dirk Lamberts and Md Golam Mustafa

3.25 Asian upland fishes and fisheries 377
A. Ian Payne

3.26 Fishes and fisheries of Asian inland lacustrine waters 384
Upali S. Amarasinghe and Sena S. De Silva

3.27 Freshwater fisheries of Australasia 404
Donald J. Jellyman, Peter C. Gehrke and John H. Harris

Section 4: Fishing operations

4.1 Introduction 421
John F. Craig

4.2 Aboriginal freshwater fisheries as resilient social–ecological systems 422
Mimi E. Lam

4.3 Commercial inland capture fisheries, 438
Devin M. Bartley, Gertjan de Graaf and John Valbo‐Jørgensen

4.4 Recreational fisheries in inland waters 449
Steven J. Cooke, Robert Arlinghaus, Brett M. Johnson and Ian G. Cowx

Section 5: Fisheries management

5.1 Fisheries governance and management 469
Robin L. Welcomme

5.2 Assessment and modelling in freshwater fisheries 483
Tony J. Pitcher

5.3 Social benefits from inland fisheries: implications for a people‐centred response to management and governance challenges 500
Robert Arthur, Richard Friend and Christophe Béné

5.4 A human rights‐based approach to securing livelihoods depending on inland fisheries 513
Nicole Franz, Carlos Fuentevilla, Lena Westlund and Rolf Willmann

5.5 The optimal fishing pattern 524
Jeppe Kolding, Richard Law, Michael Plank and Paul A. M. van Zwieten

Section 6: Fisheries development

6.1 Introduction 543
John F. Craig

6.2 Environmental assessment for fisheries 544
Nigel Milner

6.3 Management of freshwater fisheries: addressing habitat, people and fishes 557
Robert Arlinghaus, Kai Lorenzen, Brett M. Johnson, Steven J. Cooke and Ian G. Cowx

6.4 Aquaculture 580
Randall E. Brummett and Malcolm C. M. Beveridge

6.5 Ecological implications of genetically modified fishes in freshwater fisheries, with a focus on salmonids 594
L. Fredrik Sundström and Robert H. Devlin

6.6 Sustainable freshwater fisheries: the search for workable solutions 616
Rodolphe Elie Gozlan and John Robert Britton

Section 7: The effects of perturbations on fisheries

7.1 Introduction 625
John F. Craig

7.2 Harvest‐induced phenotypic change in inland fisheries 626
Lauren J. Chapman and Diana M. T. Sharpe

7.3 Climate change and freshwater fisheries 641
Chris Harrod

7.4 Toxicology 695
Nic Bury

7.5 Impoundments, barriers and abstractions: impact on fishes and fisheries, mitigation and future directions 717
Paul S. Kemp

7.6 Role and impact of non‐native species on inland fisheries: the Janus syndrome 770
Rodolphe Elie Gozlan

7.7 Eutrophication and freshwater fisheries 779
Ian J. Winfield

7.8 Aquaculture and the environment 794
Malcolm C. M. Beveridge and Randall E. Brummett

Section 8: Tools and future developments in freshwater fisheries

8.1 Introduction 807
John F. Craig

8.2 A list of suggested research areas in freshwater fisheries ecology 808
John F. Craig

8.3 Molecular ecology and stock identification 811
Eleanor A. S. Adamson and David A. Hurwood

8.4 Recruitment 830
Thomas A. Johnston, Nigel P. Lester and Brian J. Shuter,

Countries index 846

Fish index 848

Author index 860

Subject index 884