Routledge Handbook of EU–Middle East Relations

EU?Middle East relations are multifaceted, varied and complex, shaped by historical, political, economic, migratory, social and cultural dynamics. Covering these relations from a broad perspective that captures continuities, ruptures and entanglements, this handbook provides a clearer understanding of trends, thus contributing to a range of different turns in international relations.

The interdisciplinary and diverse assessments through which readers may grasp a more nuanced comprehension of the intricate entanglements in EU?Middle East relations are carefully provided in these pages by leading experts in the various (sub)fields, including academics, think-tankers, as well as policymakers. The volume offers original reflections on historical constructions; theoretical approaches; multilateralism and geopolitical perspectives; contemporary issues; peace, security and conflict; and development, economics, trade and society.

This handbook provides an entry point for an informed exploration of the multiple themes, actors, structures, policies and processes that mould EU?Middle East relations. It is designed for policymakers, academics and students of all levels interested in politics, international and global studies, contemporary history, regionalism and area studies.

1. Introduction: Entanglements in EU–Middle East Relations Dimitris Bouris, Daniela Huber & Michelle Pace Part I. History 2. Europe and the Ottoman Empire: Images of Self and the Other Senem Aydın-Düzgit, Johanna Chovanec & Bahar Rumelili 3. French and British Colonialism and its Legacy in the MENA region Sune Haugbølle & Roberto Mazza 4. Longue-Durée Reflections on Anti-Colonial Movements in the Middle-East (1798–today) Nora Lafi 5. A Postcolonial Critique of EU–Middle East Relations Somdeep Sen Part II. Theoretical Perspectives 6. Everyday Middle Easts Ali Bilgic 7. The EU's Constructions of the Middle East Münevver Cebeci 8. Security Within and Beyond the Borders of Europe: Locating the European Union as a Security Actor Zeynep Arkan Tuncel 9. International Relations Theory and EU–Middle East Relations Filippo Dionigi 10. From Descriptive and Evaluative Accounts to Causal Explanations for EU–Middle East Relations Fred H. Lawson 11. Postcolonial Theory and EU–Middle East Relations: Recognising Co-constitution Nora Fisher-Onar 12. Feminist and Queer Perspectives on EU–Middle East Relations Hanna L. Muehlenhoff Part III. Multilateralism and Geopolitical Perspectives 13. In the Shadow of the European Neighbourhood: Political Geographies of EU–Middle East Relations Virginie Mamadouh 14. The EU and Arab Regionalism Silvia Ferabolli 15. The EU and the Gulf Cooperation Council: a Troubled Relationship Tobias Schumacher 16. EU Foreign Policy Incoherence in the United Nations: the Case of the Middle East Ioannis Galariotis & Maria Gianniou 17. The Transatlantic Relationship and the Middle East: Converging Interests, Diverging Praxis Andrea Dessì & Vassilis Ntousas 18. Turkey and the European Union in the Middle East: Potential for Cooperation or Continuing Discord? Meltem Müftüler-Baç & Damla Cihangir-Tetik 19. Russia and the EU in the Middle East: From Mutual Distrust to Forced Cooperation? Maxim A. Suchkov & Polina Vasilenko Part IV. MENA–EU Relations in the Contemporary World 20. Perceptions of the EU: Activists and Public Opinion in the Middle East Andrea Teti, Gennaro Gervasio & Pamela Abbott 21. Populist Politics in Europe and their Impact on EU Relations with the Middle East: EU–Turkey Relations as a Case Study Ayhan Kaya 22. EU–Israeli relations: Geopolitical Perspectives in the Wake of Nationalist Populism Sharon Pardo & Dani Filc 23. On EU–Arab Democratisation: Towards a Democratic "Learning Loop" Larbi Sadiki & Layla Saleh 24. Moderate Islamist Parties in the MENA Region and Europe: Between the Democracy–Human Rights Nexus and the Stability–Security Nexus Djallil Lounnas 25. Inter-religious Dialogue in the Euro-Mediterranean Region: a Multi-Stakeholder Approach Eleonora Insalaco 26. EU–Egypt Relations at a Crossroads Gerasimos Tsourapas 27. Winds of Change? Negotiating Gender Relations in the Middle East and North Africa Annette Jünemann Part V. Peace, Security and Conflict in the Middle East 28. The European Union and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: How Member States Came Together Only to Fall Apart Again Federica Bicchi & Benedetta Voltolini 29. EU–Lebanon Relations Assem Dandashly 30. The EU in Post-2003 Iraq Maria Luisa Fantappie 31. EU–Afghanistan Relations Oz Hassan 32. EU–Syria Relations Anis Nacrour & Jouanah Ghori 33. The European Union and Yemen Vincent Durac 34. The EU and Iran: How a Critical Relationship Became a Troubled One Cornelius Adebahr & Riccardo Alcaro 35. EU–Middle East Relations And the Fight Against Terrorism Francesco Milan Part VI. Development, Economics, Trade and Societal Issues 36. Aid, Security And Fortress Europe: EU Development Aid in the Middle East and North Africa Emile Badarin & Jeremy Wildeman 37. Migration and Refugees in EU–Middle East Relations Beste İşleyen & Tamirace Fakhoury 38. Europe and MENA Youth Emma Murphy 39. Assessing EU–Middle East Trade Relations: Patterns, Policies, and Imbalances Nora Aboushady and Chahir Zaki 40. Their Violence or Ours? EU–Middle East Arms Sales and Military Cooperation David Wearing 41. Clean Growth For the Benefit of Both? Towards a More Inclusive Approach To EU–MENA Environmental Relations Martin Keulertz & Musa McKee

Dimitris Bouris is Assistant Professor (Senior Lecturer) in the Department of Political Science at the University of Amsterdam. He is also the leader and coordinator of the EUMENIA Jean Monnet Network. His research focus lies at the intersection of international relations, EU Studies and Middle East and North Africa Studies.

Daniela Huber is Head of the Mediterranean and Middle East Programme at the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI), editor of The International Spectator and Adjunct Professor at Roma Tre University. Her latest book is The International Dimension of the Israel-Palestinian Conflict: A Post-Eurocentric Approach (2021).

Michelle Pace is Professor in Global Studies at Roskilde University. Her research interests comprise EU external relations, emotions in international relations and migration studies. Her most recent publications include a Special Issue of Interventions on "Imperial Pasts in the EU’s Approach to the Mediterranean"(2020).