Reservoir simulations handbook (with CDROM)

It is the job of the reservoir engineer, geologist, or petroleum engineer to determine the best, most efficient method to extract crude oil. Simulation software helps, but is a difficult technology to master. Reservoir Simulations Handbook clarifies the underlying mathematics and physics behind the process, improving accuracy, and solving the most difficult reservoir engineering problems, including viscous fingering. For petroleum professionals, Reservoir Simulations Handbook is the strongest tool yet for making predictions based in and backed up by real science. Companion CD with 3D, 3-phase multipurpose reservoir simulator is included.

Foreword.

Introduction.

1. Reservoir Simulation Background.

1.1 Essence of Reservoir Simulation.

1.2 Assumptions Behind Various Modeling Approaches.

1.3 Material Balance Equation.

1.4 Recent Advances in Reservoir Simulation.

1.5 Future Challenges in Reservoir Simulation.

1.6 Economic Models Based on Futuristic Energy Pricing Policies.

1.7 Integrated System of Monitoring, Environmental Impact and Economics.

2. Reservoir Simulator-input/output.

2.1 Input and Output Data.

2.2 Geological and Geophysical Modeling.

2.3 Reservoir Characterization.

2.4 Upscaling.

2.5 Pressure/Production data.

2.6 Reservoir Simulator Output.

2.7 History-matching.

2.8 Real-time Monitoring.

3. Reservoir Simulators: Problems, Shortcomings, and Some Solution Techniques.

3.1 Multiple Solutions in Natural Phenomena.

3.2 Adomian Decomposition.

3.3 Some Remarks on Multiple Solutions.

4. Mathematical Formulation of Reservoir Simulation Problems.

4.1 Black Oil Model and Compositional Model.

4.2 General Purpose Compositional Model.

4.3 Simplification of the General Compositional Model.

4.4 Some Examples in Application of the General Compositional Model.

5. The Compositional Simulator Using the Engineering Approach.

5.1 Finite Control Volume Method.

5.2 Uniform Temperature Reservoir Compositional Flow Equations in a 1-D Domain.

5.3 Compositional Mass Balance Equation in a Multidimensional Domain.

5.4 Variable Temperature Reservoir Compositional Flow Equations.

5.5 Solution Method.

5.6 The Effects of Linearization.

6. A Comprehensive Material Balance Equation for Oil Recovery.

6.1 Background.

6.2 Permeability Alteration.

6.3 Porosity Alteration.

6.4 Pore Volume Change.

6.5 A Comprehensive MBE with Memory for Cumulative Oil Recovery.

6.6 Numerical Simulation.

6.7 Appendix 6A: Development of an MBE for a Compressible Undersaturated Oil Reservoir.

7. Modeling Viscous Fingering During Miscible Displacement in a Reservoir.

7.1 Improvement of the Numerical Scheme.

7.2 Application of the New Numerical Scheme to Viscous Fingering.

8. Towards Modeling Knowledge and Sustainable Petroleum Production.

8.1 Essence of Knowledge, Science, and Emulation.

8.2 The Knowledge Dimension.

8.3 Examples of Linearization and Linear Thinking.

8.4 The Single-Parameter Criterion.

8.5 The Conservation of Mass and Energy.

8.6 The Criterion: The Switch that Determines the Direction at a Bifurcation Point.

8.7 The Need for Multidimensional Study.

8.8 Assessing the Overall Performance of a Process.

8.9 Implications of Knowledge-Based Analysis.

8.10 Examples of Knowledge-Based Simulation.

9. Final Conclusions.

Appendix A User's Manual for Multi-Purpose Simulator for Field Applications (MPSFFA, Version 1-15).

A.1 Introduction.

A.2 The Simulator.

A.3 Data File Preparation.

A.4 Description of Variables Used in Preparing a Data File.

A.5 Instructions to Run Simulator and Graphic Post Processor on PC.

A.6 Limitations Imposed on the Compiled Versions.

A.7 Example of a Prepared Data File.

References.

Index.