Deep Imaging in Tissue and Biomedical Materials Using Linear and Nonlinear Optical Methods

The use of light for probing and imaging biomedical media is promising for the development of safe, noninvasive, and inexpensive clinical imaging modalities with diagnostic ability. The advent of ultrafast lasers has enabled applications of nonlinear optical processes, which allow deeper imaging in biological tissues with higher spatial resolution. This book provides an overview of emerging novel optical imaging techniques, Gaussian beam optics, light scattering, nonlinear optics, and nonlinear optical tomography of tissues and cells. It consists of pioneering works that employ different linear and nonlinear optical imaging techniques for deep tissue imaging, including the new applications of single- and multiphoton excitation fluorescence, Raman scattering, resonance Raman spectroscopy, second harmonic generation, stimulated Raman scattering gain and loss, coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy, and near-infrared and mid-infrared supercontinuum spectroscopy. The book is a comprehensive reference of emerging deep tissue imaging techniques for researchers and students working in various disciplines.

Overview of Second- and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Processes for Deep Imaging. Complex Light Beams. Gaussian Beam Optical Parameters in Multi-Photon Excitation Fluorescence Imaging. The Optics of Deep Optical Imaging in Tissues Using Long Wavelengths. Light Propagation and Interaction in Highly Scattering Media for Deep Tissue Imaging. Application of Nonlinear Microscopy in Life Sciences. Smart Biomarker-Coated PbS Quantum Dots for Deeper Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in the Second Optical Window. Biomedical Applications in Probing Deep Tissue Using Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Optical Biopsy. Light Propagation in Turbid Tissue-Like Scattering Media. Overview of the Cumulant Solution to Light Propagation Inside a Turbid Medium and Its Applications in Deep Imaging Beyond the Diffusion Approximation. Deep Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using Diffusion Reconstruction of Banana Paths with Near Infrared Prostatoscope Analyzer. Terahertz Propagation in Tissues and Its Thickness Limitation. Detection of Brain Tumors Using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy. Chemical and Molecular Imaging of Deep Tissue through Photoacoustic Detection of Chemical Bond Vibrations. Deep Tissue Imaging: Acoustic and Thermal Wave Propagation and Light Interactions in Tissue. Using the Transmission Matrix to Image Disordered Media.

Lingyan Shi is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Bioengineering at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering. She is developing/applying new optical imaging and spectroscopic technologies to solve biomedical questions. Her recent major scientific contributions include the discovery of the "Golden Optical Window" for deep brain imaging, and the development of a breakthrough platform that combines deuterium probing with Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) for imaging of metabolic dynamics in living organisms. Shi is a member of Tau Beta Pi, OSA, SPIE, SfN, ASME, NYAS, and BMES.

Robert R. Alfano is a distinguished professor of science and engineering at the City College of New York. He has pioneered many applications of light and photonics technology to study biological, biomedical, and condensed matter systems using optical spectroscopy and imaging. He discovered and has used supercontinuum. Prof. Alfano is a fellow of the American Physical Society, the Optical Society, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.