Bleach Plant Effluents from the Pulp and Paper Industry, 2013 SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology Series

This book covers bleach plant effluents, that most polluting effluent from the pulp and paper industry. Disappearance of benthic invertebrates, a high incidence of fish diseases, and mutagenic effects on the aquatic fauna are some of the consequences of the disposal of bleach effluents into surface waters. This book describes environmental impact of bleach plant effluents, environmental regulations, and measures to reduce the  pollution load by internal process modification and external treatment of bleach plant effluents.

1. Background 1.1 Pollution problems of pulp and paper industry 2. Pulp and Paper making process 2.1 Pulp making Process 2.2 Stock preparation and paper making process 3. Pulp Bleaching and Bleaching effluents 3.1 Pulp Bleaching 3.2 Bleaching effluents 4. Environmental effects of bleach plant effluents 4.1 Environmental Fate and effects 4.2 Environmental issues 4.3 Environmental regulations 5. Stratgies used for reducing the generation of pollutants 5.1 Pollution reduction through Process modification 5.1.1 Nonconventional Pulping Technologies Organosolvent Pulping Organic acid Pulping Biopulping 5.1.2 Internal Process Modifications Extended delignification and Oxygen delignification Improved pulp washing Oxidative alkali extraction stage Substitution of elemental chlorine with chlorine dioxide Ozone ECF, Totally Chlorine-free Bleaching and Chloride Removal Processes Bleach filtrate recovery Enzyme pre-treatment Fungal pre-treatment 5.2 External treatment 5.2.1 Physico-chemical processes 5.2.2 Electro-chemical processes 5.2.3 Advanced oxidation technologies 5.2.4 Treatment with Enzymes 5.2.5 Treatment with Bacteria Aerobic treatment Anaerobic treatment Sequential aerobic/anaerobic treatment 5.2.6 Treatment with Fungi 6. Conclusions and future perspectives 7. References