Techniques for Surviving the Mobile Data Explosion IEEE Series on Digital & Mobile Communication Series

Discusses the challenges of bandwidth scarcity due to mobile data explosion and their solutions

The rapidly growing popularity of Smartphones and other mobile devices has resulted in an exponential growth of mobile data. There is insufficient radio spectrum to cope with this growing data demand, and upgrading existing networks to meet the demands of mobile data explosion is expensive.

Techniques for Surviving the Mobile Data Explosion is about the different approaches that can be used to address the challenges of limited bandwidth. It examines these challenges from the perspective of the mobile network operators, mobile applications developers, and enterprises that deploy mobile applications for their employees.

The book provides:

• Comprehensive yet easy-to-understand information that is free of technical jargon, complex mathematical notation, and multiple acronyms
• Easy-to-understand figures as well as a comprehensive set of references
• A cross-disciplinary approach spanning the areas of cellular networks, IP networks, and mobile applications

Techniques for Surviving the Mobile Data Explosion is ideal for wireless application developers and mobile network operators.

ABOUT THE AUTHORS xix

I INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL OBSERVATIONS 1

1 TECHNOLOGIES SUPPORTING MOBILE DATA 3

1.1 Introduction / 3

1.2 Computer Communication Networks / 5

1.3 IP Networks / 9

1.4 Cellular Data Networks / 12

1.5 Mobile Applications / 14

2 MOBILE DATA ECOSYSTEM 17

2.1 Introduction / 17

2.2 Mobile Data Ecosystem / 17

2.3 Mobile Data Growth / 22

2.4 Where is the Bottleneck? / 23

2.5 Impact of Mobile Data Growth on the Ecosystem / 25

3 AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNIQUES FOR BANDWIDTH OPTIMIZATION 29

3.1 Introduction / 29

3.2 Network Model / 30

3.3 Object Caching / 32

3.4 Object Compression / 34

3.5 Packet Compression / 35

3.6 Flow Sharing / 37

3.7 Content Transformation / 40

3.8 Just-in-Time Transmission / 41

3.9 Rate Control / 42

3.10 Service Differentiation / 43

4 AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNIQUES FOR COST REDUCTION 45

4.1 Introduction / 45

4.2 Infrastructure Sharing / 47

4.3 Virtualization / 48

4.4 Consolidation / 49

4.5 IT Usage in Networks / 52

II TECHNIQUES FOR MOBILE NETWORK OPERATORS 55

5 BANDWIDTH OPTIMIZATION AND COST REDUCTION IN THE RADIO ACCESS NETWORK 57

5.1 Introduction / 57

5.2 Upgrading the RAN / 58

5.3 Leveraging Additional Bandwidth / 65

5.4 Bandwidth Management / 68

5.5 Nontechnical Approaches / 72

6 BANDWIDTH OPTIMIZATION AND COST REDUCTION IN BACKHAUL AND CORE NETWORKS 75

6.1 Overview of Backhaul and Core Networks / 75

6.2 Technology Upgrade / 79

6.3 Traffic Offload / 80

6.4 Compression / 80

6.5 Transformation / 81

6.6 Caching / 83

6.7 Consolidation in Core Networks / 87

6.8 Network Function Virtualization / 88

6.9 Cost Reduction of the Supporting Infrastructure / 90

7 CONSUMER-ORIENTED DATA MONETIZATION SERVICES 91

7.1 Mobile Network Operator Differentiators for Consumer Services / 92

7.2 Single Sign-on Service / 93

7.3 Privacy Service / 98

7.4 Content Customization Services / 101

7.5 Location-Based Services / 103

7.6 Phone-Based Commerce / 106

7.7 Other Services / 107

8 ENTERPRISE-ORIENTED DATA MONETIZATION SERVICES 109

8.1 Model for Mobile Network Operator Services to the Enterprise / 110

8.2 Mobile Network Operator Differentiators for Enterprise Services / 111

8.3 Caching and Content Distribution / 114

8.4 Mobile Transformation / 115

8.5 Fog Computing / 116

8.6 Location-Based Services / 118

8.7 Secure Hypervisor Services / 120

9 APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER-ORIENTED DATA MONETIZATION SERVICES 123

9.1 Mobile Network Operator Differentiators for Application Service Providers / 124

9.2 Caching and Content Distribution / 126

9.3 Fog Computing / 127

9.4 Information Aggregation / 129

9.5 Information Augmentation / 130

9.6 Historical Information-Based Planning / 131

III TECHNIQUES FOR ENTERPRISES AND APPLICATION DEVELOPERS 135

10 AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE APPLICATIONS 137

10.1 Anatomy of Mobile Applications / 138

10.2 Types of Mobile Applications / 139

10.3 Developing for Multiple Platforms / 141

10.4 Operating System Version Management / 143

10.5 Limited Resources / 144

10.6 General Application Development Considerations / 145

11 POWER EFFICIENCY FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS 147

11.1 Model for Power Consumption / 148

11.2 Duty Cycling / 150

11.3 Power Mode Management / 151

11.4 Communication and Computation Clustering / 151

11.5 Efficient Resource Usage / 153

11.6 Best Practices for Application Power Efficiency / 154

12 BANDWIDTH EFFICIENCY FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS 159

12.1 Preloading / 160

12.2 Communication Clustering / 160

12.3 Context-Aware Communication / 161

12.4 Disconnected Operation / 162

12.5 Caching / 163

12.6 Compression / 163

12.7 Control Traffic Implications / 164

12.8 Best Practices for Bandwidth Efficiency / 165

13 MOBILE DATA ISSUES FOR THE ENTERPRISE 171

13.1 Mobile-Related Issues for the Enterprise / 172

13.2 Security Issues / 173

13.3 Backward Compatibility / 180

13.4 Infrastructure Issues / 182

14 RELATED TOPICS 185

14.1 Machine-to-Machine Communications / 185

14.2 Internet of Things / 186

14.3 Participatory Sensing / 187

14.4 Mobile Transformation of Business / 188

14.5 Software-Defined Networks / 189

14.6 Mobile First Philosophy / 190

14.7 Network Analytics / 191

14.8 Conclusions / 192

REFERENCES 193

INDEX 199

DINESH CHANDRA VERMA is an IBM Fellow and Research Scientist at IBM T J Watson Research Center, New York. He has a PhD in Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley. He is an IEEE Fellow, holds over fifty US patents, and has authored more than a hundred papers and nine books on computer networking.

PARIDHI VERMA is a Marketing Manager at IBM Corporation. She has a Masters in Electrical Engineering from NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering. She holds a patent for the internet emergency alert system. In addition, she has authored and illustrated several children’s books.