A History of Enterprise Policy Government, Small Business and Entrepreneurship Routledge Studies in Entrepreneurship Series

Governments in developed and developing economies have increasingly turned to entrepreneurship and small businesses for economic growth, dynamism and economic and social inclusion. Policies seeking to encourage, support or otherwise influence these forms of economic activity are varied but virtually omnipresent, recommended by organisations such as the OECD and World Bank and implemented by governments of many political ideologies. With a range of activities across government labelled as enterprise policy, it is vital to unpick the different policies, initiatives and interventions and to understand their development in order to subject them to scrutiny and evaluate the actions taken in the name of enterprise.

This book provides the first in-depth, historical analysis of enterprise policy in the United Kingdom. Successive UK governments have been particularly active, with the number of initiatives estimated recently at 3000 and expenditure reaching as high as £12bn, yet facing continuous criticisms for its use, value or relevance. This historical study of UK enterprise policy represents a case study of different forms of enterprise policy and how they have developed, or failed to develop, over time, contributing to understanding of government, small business and entrepreneurship. It will be of value to researchers, academics, policymakers, and students interested in the history of small business and entrepreneurship as well as standing as a history of a specific policy area and the ways in which policies involving many different areas of government develop over time.

Acknowledgements

1. What is enterprise policy and why is it important?

2. Government, Small Firms and Entrepreneurship in the Nineteenth Century

3. Filling the finance gap

4. Regional enterprise policy

5. Early lobbying and debating the role of government

6. Taxation, lobbying and a voice for small business

7. The Europeanisation of enterprise policy

8. Neoliberalism and enterprise culture

9. Market liberalisation and deregulation

10. Tackling deadweight and displacement through consultancy

11. Enterprise policy as an answer to deprivation and exclusion

12. Conclusion

Methodological Appendix

Index

Oliver Mallett in an Associate Professor in Work and Employment at the University of Stirling, Scotland. Oliver’s research interests relate to employment relationships in small businesses and to government and private sector support for small businesses.

Robert Wapshott is a Senior Lecturer in Entrepreneurship at the University of Sheffield, UK, where he is a member of the Centre for Regional Economic and Enterprise Development. Robert's research studies small businesses and entrepreneurship with a particular focus on small business management and on regulation.