Transplant International Official Journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation Proceedings of the 5th Congress of the European Society for Organ Transplantation, Maastricht, October 7-10, 1991

This supplement to Transplant International contains the Proceedings of the successful 5th Congress of the European Society for Organ Transplantation held in Maastricht from 7-10 October 1991. Of 827 abstracts submitted to the congress, 548 were selected by the Scien­ tific Committee for either oral or poster presentation. Of these 548 presenta­ tions, the guest editors selected 212 full papers for publication in this book. Two aspects are important where proceedings are concerned-the quality of the papers and the speed of publication. I thank our authors and guest editors, whose combined expertise has given us a guarantee of quality. I also thank our editorial and production teams for their tremendous efforts to hasten editing, proofreading, printing, and publication. In particular, I would like to express my gratitude to Maurits Booster, M.D., and Sylvia van Roosmalen for their assist­ ance and support in seeing this supplement through to completion. As a concession to time, we have waived some of our stringent rules of style and limited our correspondence with authors by, for example, page proofs being reviewed and corrected in house only. This enables us to publish two months earlier but has the disadvantage that, given the allotted time, we have not been able to ensure that each and every article has an abstract, nor that every "i" has been dotted in the reference lists or in the addresses/institute affiliations of all the authors.

Kidney.- CSA/AZA, in the absence of prednisone, improves linear growth in renal transplanted children.- Late histopathological findings in renal allografts with four immunosuppressive regimens.- Flow cytometry evaluation of urinary sediment in renal transplantation.- Early diagnosis of kidney transplant rejection and cyclosporine nephrotoxicity by urine cytology.- Haemodynamic changes in human kidney allografts following administration of nifedipine: assessment with doppler spectrum analysis.- Cyclosporine renal cortical vasoconstriction measured by colour doppler imaging in kidney transplantation.- Monoclonal immunoglobulins in patients with renal transplants: characterization, evolution and risk factors.- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretion as a factor in the severity of CMV disease in kidney and simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplantation.- Prophylaxis of CMV disease by ganciclovir (DHPG) in seronegative recipients of renal allograft from seropositive donors.- Renal retransplantation in patients with HLA-antibodies.- Bilateral nephrectomy of the native kidneys reduces the incidence of arterial hypertension and erythrocytosis in kidney graft recipients treated with cyclosporine.- A logical basis for age matching in organ transplantation: studies of recipient renal function in relation to donor age.- Multicentre trial of ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation.- Should hepatitits-C virus antibody-positive donors be excluded from kidney donation?.- Cadaveric kidney donation beyond the age of 60 years - a comparative analysis of 1180 grafts from different donor age groups.- Antibodies against hepatitis C virus among renal transplant patients in Greece.- Value of panel reactive antibodies (PRA) as a guide to the treatment of hyperimmunized patients in renal transplantation.- Cyclosporin A (CsA) and azathioprine (AZA) combination in renal allografts with CsA nephrotoxicity.- Verapamil (VP) improves the outcome after renal transplantation (CRT).- DTPA renal scan assessment of renal allograft dysfunction in rats.- Renal retransplantation in Switzerland: poor HLA matching of first and subsequent allografts does not appear to affect overal graft survival.- Renal funtional reserve in kidney transplant recipients.- Nifedipine improves immediate, and 6-and 12-month graft function in cyclosporin A(CyA) treated renal allograft recipients.- Post-transplant haemoglobin levels and host kidney status.- Effect of ATG prophylaxis in sensitized and non-sensitized kidney graft recipients.- Ocular findings in patients with successful renal transplantation.- Influence of cyclosporin A (CyA) on renal handling of urate.- Erythrocytosis in renal allograft recipients. Benefit of staggered venous erythropoietin measurements.- In vitro FK506 kidney tubular cell toxicity.- FK506 mechanism of nephrotoxicity: stimulatory effect on endothelin secretion by cultured kidney cells.- Early kidney transplantation may prevent aluminium-related bone disease.- Effect of prostaglandin E1 on graft function of kidneys from living related donors.- Renal transplantation in r-HuEPO-treated patients.- Long-term beneficial effects of azathioprine addition to ongoing cyclosporine-prednisone protocol in renal transplantation.- Protective effect of vasodilators in donors requiring pressor support.- The use of OKT3 in steroid-resistant rejections following cadaveric kidney transplantation.- Aging on the waiting list: should it be a further criterion for cadaver kidney allocation?.- Risk factors for development of panel reactive antibodies and their impact on kidney transplantation outcome.- Early or delayed onset of cyclosporine by sequential immunosuppression?.- Application of flow cytometry in clinical renal transplantation.- The course of HIV disease in renal allograft recipients.- The Japanese Interferon Study Group (JISG) has established the efficacy of human interferon-p for serious CMV pneumonitis in kidney recipients.- Factors affecting the long-term outcome following non-living kidney transplantation.- Is repeated mismatching at regrafting deleterious?.- Detrimental role of donor-recipient HLA-DQ5 and -DQ6 disparities on cadaver kidney graft survival.- CMV prophylaxis after renal transplantation with immunoglobulin or CMV-hyperimmunoglobulin - a prospective clinical trial.- Length of time on dialysis prior to renal transplantation is a critical factor affecting patient survival after allografting.- Donor conditions and graft survival-a retrospective study.- Clinical factors which influence the long-term survival of kidney allografts donated from haploidentical donors.- Glomerular hyperfiltration after unilateral nephrectomy in living kidney donors.- Liver.- The bile acid independent flow is reduced in the transplanted liver.- Quadruple immunosuppression including a new IL-2-receptor antibody and the incidence of infections after liver transplantation.- Should retransplantation still be considered for primary non-function after liver transplantation?.- Increased fibrinolysis in orthotopic but not in heterotopic liver transplantation: the role of the anhepatic phase.- A Pugh score of 8 adequately selects patients with parenchymal cirrhosis for liver transplantation.- Seroprevalence and outcome of hepatitis C in liver transplantation.- Somatomedin C (IGF I) plasma levels after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in end-stage cirrhotic patients.- Adjuvant treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid reduces acute rejection after liver transplantation.- Cholestasis and kidney dysfunction in liver transplant patients reduces cyclosporine metabolite excretion.- Choledochoenterostomy with an anti-reflux mechanism.- Liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma.- Technique of arterial anastomosis in liver transplantation, surgical management in routine situations and anatomical variations.- Biliary neopterin for differentiation between liver allograft rejection and viral graft infection.- Total hepatectomy and liver transplant for hepatocellular adenomatosis and focal nodular hyperplasia.- Liver transplantation for fulminant liverfailure in children.- The impact of the different severe infections on the outcome of liver transplantation. Astudy of 150 patients.- Hepatic support by hepatocyte transplantation in congenitally metabolic diseased rats.- Blood transfusion in orthotopic liver transplantation: six-year experience.- Liver transplantation for small HCC in cirrhosis.- Heart, Lung, Heart-Lung.- Results of acute heart retransplantation in Eurotransplant.- Right ventricular failure after heart transplantation: relationship with preoperative haemodynamic parameters.- Preoperative prostaglandin E1 treatment to prevent right ventricular failure after orthotopic heart transplantation.- Phenotype of endomyocardial biopsy-derived T-lymphocyte cultures and chronic rejection after heart transplantation.- The clinical value of ultrasonic tissue characterization in the management of heart transplant patients.- Coronary flow reserve is impaired early after cardiac transplantation.- Determinants of graft arteriosclerosis after heart transplantation.- Role of CMV pneumonia in the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in heart-lung and double-lung transplant recipients.- The use of allopurinol in the inhibition of obliterative bronchiolitis of the transplanted lung.- Evaluation of the International Society for Heart Transplantation (ISHT) grading of pulmonary rejection in 100 consecutive biopsies.- Coronary flow reserve and coronary occlusive disease.- Tricuspid valve insufficiency as a complication of endomyocardial biopsy.- Occurrence of lymphoproliferative disorder after heart transplantation is related to the total immunosuppressive load.- Pancreas, Islets, Small Bowel.- Perfusion imaging of pancreas allografts using technetium-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime.- Prospective analysis of pancreatic grafts with duplex-Doppler ultrasound: value of resistive index in the diagnosis of rejection.- Reperfusion injury of pancreas allografts: relation to islet cell function.- Isolation of pig pancreatic islets by a new method with hydraulic shaking: preliminary report.- The use of FK506 and RS61443 for reversal of small-bowel rejection.- Graft Monitoring.- Monitoring of cardiac graft recipients: comparison of in vivo activated, committed T lymphocytes in peripheral blood and in the graft.- Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) induction on hepatocytes is an early marker of acute liver allograft rejection.- Lung transplantation: pulmonary cell lysis mediated by alveolar mononuclear cells.- Nonspecific hemolytic effector of activated macrophages as activation marker of allograft rejection.- Relation of suppressor activity to lymphocyte subsets, in vitro IL-2R expression, and biopsy results in cardiac transplant patients.- ?2-Microglobulinuria as an early sign of cytomegalovirus infection following renal transplantation.- Xenografting.- Perfusion of rabbit hearts with human blood results in immediate graft thrombosis, a temporally distinct component of hyperacute rejection.- Allogeneic heart transplantation following xenogeneic bridging.- Activation of the alternative pathway of complement is an important component of hyperacute rejection of rabbit hearts by human blood.- Inhibition of rejection of hamster-to-rat heart xenografts.- Perfusion of rabbit hearts with pig blood results in complement mediated hyperacute xenograft rejection.- Antibody binding to endothelial and epithelial antigens triggers pig-to-rabbit xenograft rejection and its absence results in atypical complement deposition.- Preservation.- The influence of an improved preservation solution on prognostic factors for graft survival in pediatric liver transplantation.- Multivisceral cluster transplantation in the rat.- Reperfusion rather than storage injury predominates following long-term (48 h) cold storage of grafts in UW solution: studies with Carolina Rinse in transplanted rat liver.- Prolonged rat pancreas preservation using a solution with the combination of histidine and lactobionate.- The impact of liver preservation in HTK and UW solution on microcirculation after liver transplantation.- Myocardial preservation with the UW solution. First European results in clinical heart transplantation.- Protection by pentoxifylline against graft failure from storage injury after orthotopic rat livertransplantation with arterialization.- Pulmonary mechanics after cardio-pulmonary transplantation, an experimental study.- Simplified microvascular suture techniques for rat liver transplantation as a microsurgical model with arterial blood supply.- The second generation of Carolina Rinse, solution II, improves graft survival following orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat by preventing reperfusion injury.- Efficacy of PGI2 analog in preventing ischemia reperfusion damage of liver grafts from living donors.- Heart and lung preservation using a new solution; UCLA Formula.- Antagonisation of platelet activating factor- a new therapeutic concept for improvement of organ quality in lung preservation.- Usefulness of 31P-MRS as a method of evaluating the viability of preserved and transplanted rat liver.- Predictive value of liver tissue flow in assessment of the viability of liver grafts after extended preservation in pigs.- Successful 96-hour preservation of the canine pancreas.- The mechanism of action of the two-layer (Euro-Collins’ solution/perfluorochemical) cold storage method in canine pancreas preservation.- Improvement of liver preservation by the calcium channel blocker nisoldipine. An experimental study applying intravital microscopy to transplanted rat livers.- The calcium channel blocker nisoldipine minimizes the release of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 following rat livertransplantation.- Comparison of HTK- and UW-solution for liver preservation tested in an orthotopic livertransplantation model in the pig.- Acomparison of histadine lactobionate solution with University of Wisconsin solution for rat liver and heart preservation.- The significant role of membrane stabilization in hypothermic cardioplegic cardiac preservation in a canine experimental model.- Kupffer cell and hepatocyte function in rat transplanted liver.- A newly developed hydroxyI radical scavenger, EPC-K1 can improve the survival of swine warm ischemia-damaged transplanted liver grafts.- Kidney procurement from non-heartbeating donors: transplantation results.- Apreliminary report of the HTK randomized multicenter study comparing kidney graft preservation with HTK and EuroCollins solutions.- The relationship between cause of death of the kidney donor and the presence of ischemic lesions in the kidney.- Immunosuppression.- High or low dose steroid therapy for acute renal transplant rejection after prophylactic OKT3 treatment: a prospective randomized study.- The risk of infection following OKT3 and antilymphocyte globulin treatment for renal transplant rejection: results of a single center prospectively randomized trial.- Prophylactic use of the IL-2 receptor-specific monoclonal antibody LO-Tact-1 with cyclosporin A and steroids in renal transplantation.- RS-61443: successful rescue therapy in refractory renal rejection.- Lymphoproliferative disorders developing after transplantation and their relation to simian T-cell leukemia virus infection.- Toxicology of FK506 in the cynomolgus monkey: a clinical, biochemical, and histopathological study.- CD4-specific monoclonal antibody can prolong cardiac allograft survival without T-cell depletion.- Prolongation of heart allograft survival in rats by interferon-specific antibodies and low dose cyclosporin A.- Effect of LS-2616 on the graft protection achieved by cyclosporin A, prednisolone, and 15-deoxyspergualin in heart-transplanted rats.- A randomized pilot study of cyclosporin G in renal transplantation.- Long-term immunosuppression after liver transplantation: are steroids necessary?.- Dosage of OKT3 independent of body weight: a mistake?.- Polyclonal versus monoclonal rejection prophylaxis after heart transplantation: a randomised study.- Pregnancy in kidney recipients under cyclosporine.- Low-dose combination therapy of DUP-785 and RS-61443 prolongs cardiac allograft survival in rats.- Immunomodulation of dog islets using a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies.- Prolongation of murine thyroid allografts by interleukin 2 (DAB486)-toxin and RS-61443.- The effects of nifedipine on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats.- Cyclosporine-induced insulin release in rats is related to an increase in plasma lipid levels.- Cellular mechanisms: Induction of heart allograft survival in rats by 15-deoxyspergualin.- Control of humoral and cellular immunity-mediated accelerated heart allograft rejection in sensitized rats by low dose FK506 and splenectomy.- Prevention of lethal graft-versus-host disease by monoclonal antibody treatment in vivo.- Abdominal organ cluster transplantation in pigs and FK506.- Influence of hepatic dysfunction on cyclosporine metabolism in the pig.- FK506 and rapamycin: differential sensitivity of human, baboon, cynomolgus monkey dog and pig lymphocytes.- Ex vivo perfusion of canine pancreaticoduodenal allografts using class-II-specific monoclonal antibody delays the onset of acute rejection.- New immunosuppression with monoclonal antibody to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in rat organ transplantation.- Japanese study of kidney transplantation: 1. Results of early phase II study.- Subclinical impairment of distal renal acidification induced by low-dose cyclosporin Atherapy.- Cyclosporin A has no impact on alterations of the lipid profile after renal transplantation.- Decrease of erythrocyte deformability in cyclosporine-treated renal transplant patients: correction with fish oil as well as corn oil.- Adjuvant treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid prevents acute rejection in rats receiving heart allografts.- RS-61443 reverses acute renal allograft rejection in dogs.- Gangliosides potentiate the immunosuppressive effects of cyclosporin A in rat skin allografts.- Rescue therapy for acute rejection using 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) in combination with superoxide dismutase (SOD) on cardiac allografts in rats.- Japanese study of FK506 on kidney transplantation: 2. Follow-up study of FK 506-treated patients.- Insensitivity to cyclosporine may explain the HLA-DRw6 recipient effect.- An immunoglobulin-specific autoantibody occurring during alloimmunization suppresses the antibody response.- Prevention of cardiac allograft rejection by FK506 and rapamycin: assessment by histology and nuclear magnetic resonance.- New morphological changes induced by FK506 in a short period in the rat kidney and the effect of superoxide dismutase and OKY-046 on THEM: the relationship of FK506 nephrotoxicity to lipid peroxidation and change in production of thromboxane A2 in the kidney.- Immunology.- Is tolerance a prospective for clinical research?.- Will chronic rejection ever respond to treatment?.- DNA typing: an important step forward?.- The “rejection reaction” is not confined solely to the allograft.- Chronic rejection of rat aortic allografts: effect of inhibition of the thromboxane cascade.- Factors involved in peripheral T cell tolerance: the extent of clonal deletion or clonal anergy depends on the age of the tolerized lymphocytes.- Alio and auto crossmatches after transplantation.- Remarkable correlation between increased HLA-DQ antigen positive monocytes and prognosis of renal transplantation.- The influence of DR match of blood donor and recipient on the formation of T- and B-cell antibodies and on renal allograft outcome.- Success rate and impact of HLA matching on kidney graft survival in highly immunized recipients.- Flow cytometric crossmatching and outcome one year after renal transplantation.- Clinical relevance of soluble HLA and interaction of papain derived class I molecules with alloreactive CTL.- Lack of correlation between IgG T-lymphocyte flow cytometric crossmatches with primary renal allograft outcome.- Detection of latent human cytomegalovirus in organ tissue and the correlation with serological status.- Reactivity of renal transplant sera against a 17 kD mononuclear cell antigen.- Strength of HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR mismatches in relation to short- and long-term kidney graft survival.- Pretransplant serum lgG-anti-F(abé)2 g activity and kidney graft outcome: comparison of results obtained at two centers.- The impact of ischemic lesions in the donor kidney donor age, recipient age and HLA(A, B, C, DR, DQ) matching on clinical course after kidney grafting.- Non specific increased expression of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on rat liver grafts.- Intraoperative cytokines production during orthotopic liver transplantation.- Studies on the participation of different T cell subsets in rat liver allograft rejection.- Chronic renal allograft rejection: the significance of non-MHC alloantigens.- Lysis of heart endothelial cells from donor origin by cardiac graft infiltrating cells.- Expression of human decay accelerating factor or membrane cofactor protein genes on mouse cells inhibits lysis by human complement.- TNF staining of graft biopsy in renal transplantation.- Analysis of suppressor T cells induced by donor-specific transfusion (DST): establishment of a human T cell hybridoma producing an antigen-nonspecific suppressor factor.- Role of leukotrienes B4 and C4 in liver allograft rejection.- Suppression of human lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte generation by a soluble factor derived from K562 cells.- FK506 ameliorates normothermic liver ischemia in rats by suppressing production of tumor necrosis factor.- Donor directed cytotoxicity of cardiac graft infiltrating cells during cytomegalovirus infection.- The influence of HLA-mismatches on phenotypic and functional characteristics of graft infiltrating lymphocytes after heart transplantation.- Kidney transplant monitoring by anti donor specific antibodies.- Cytokines in lethal graft-versus-host disease.- Absence of correlation between graft-versus-host associated immunosuppression and cytotoxic T cell activity in response to major histocompatibility antigens.- Rejection prophylaxis with interleukin-2 receptor antibody BT 563: mechanisms of action on human cells.- Hyaluronic acid accumulation; the mechanism behind graft rejection edema.- Expression of activation markers, HLA class II and IL-2R in acute vascular rejection of human renal allografts.- Cytokines.- T-cell receptor Vb gene usage by lymphocytes infiltrating human renal allografts.- Effects of interleukin 2 receptor b chain (P75)-specific monoclonal antibody on the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and suppressor T cells in mixid lymphocyte culture.- Quality of Life.- Quality of life before and after liver transplantation: experiences with 7 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in a 2-year follow-up.- Effect of kidney transplantation on quality of life measures.- Cognitive and behavioural status of paediatric patients 1 year after cardiac or cardiopulmonary transplantation.- The Donor Problem.- Perioperative hemodynamic heterogeneity of brain dead organ donors.- A reliable and safe way of shortening cadaver kidney ischemia time: prenephrectomy tissue typing using donor lymph node cells.- Assessment of costs to donor hospitals for organ transplantation.- Impact of donor age on living related donor kidney transplantation.