The Prior Consultation of Indigenous Peoples in Latin America Inside the Implementation Gap Routledge Studies in Development and Society Series

This book delves into the reasons behind and the consequences of the implementation gap regarding the right to prior consultation and the Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) of Indigenous Peoples in Latin America.

In recent years, the economic and political projects of Latin American States have become increasingly dependent on the extractive industries. This has resulted in conflicts when governments and international firms have made considerable investments in those lands that have been traditionally inhabited and used by Indigenous Peoples, who seek to defend their rights against exploitative practices. After decades of intense mobilisation, important gains have been made at international level regarding the opportunity for Indigenous Peoples to have a say on these matters. Notwithstanding this, the right to prior consultation and the FPIC of Indigenous Peoples on the ground are far from being fully applied and guaranteed. And, even when prior consultation processes are carried out, the outcomes remain uncertain.

This volume rigorously investigates the causes of this implementation gap and its consequences for the protection of Indigenous Peoples? rights, lands, identities and ways of life in the Latin American region.

Chapter 8 and 18 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

List of Illustrations List of Contributors Preface Acknowledgements Introduction Part I Defining Prior Consultation 1. Indigenous Peoples’ Contributions to Multilateral Negotiations on their Rights to Participation, Consultation, and Free, Prior and Informed Consent 2. Towards a Global Framework on Business and Human Rights, Indigenous Peoples, and their Right to Consultation and Free, Prior, and Informed Consent 3. Binding Consent of Indigenous Peoples in Colombia: An Example of Transformative Constitutionalism 4. Indigenous Peoples’ Experiences of Resistance, Participation, and Autonomy: Consultation and Free, Prior and Informed Consent in Peru Part II Administrating Prior Consultation 5. The Coupling of Prior Consultation and Environmental Impact Assessment in Bolivia: Corporate Appropriation and Knowledge Gaps 6. Prior Consultation as a Scenario for Political Dispute. A Case Study among the Sikuani Peoples from Orinoquía, Colombia 7. Prior Consultation as a Door Opener: Frontier Negotiations, Grassroots Contestation, and New Recognition Politics in Peru 8. Processes and Failures of Prior Consultations with Indigenous Peoples in Chile 9. Institutional Scope and Limitations of the Right to Consultation and the Free, Prior and Informed Consent of Indigenous Peoples in Mexico Part III Institutionalising Prior Consultation 10. The Construction of a General Mechanism of Consultation with Indigenous Peoples in Costa Rica 11. The Construction of a National Mechanism of Prior Consultation in Honduras 12. Towards an Effective Prior Consultation Law in Paraguay Part IV Avoiding Prior Consultation 13. The Failure to Consult Indigenous Peoples and Obtain their Free, Prior and Informed Consent in Ecuador: The Yasuní ITT Case 14. The Right to Consultation and Free, Prior and Informed Consent in Argentina: The Case of Salinas Grandes-Laguna de Guayatayoc 15. Lack of Consultation and Free, Prior and Informed Consent, and Threats to Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Brazil Part V Rethinking Prior Consultation 16. Implementation of the Right to Prior Consultation of Indigenous Peoples in Guatemala 17. From Consultation to Consent: The Politics of Indigenous Participatory Rights in Canada Part VI Lessons Learned 18. From the Implementation Gap to Indigenous Empowerment: Prior Consultation in Latin America

Claire Wright (PhD in Contemporary Political Processes) is a Research Professor at the Universidad de Monterrey, Mexico.

Alexandra Tomaselli (PhD in Law) is a Senior Researcher at Eurac Research, Italy.