The Future of Journalism: Risks, Threats and Opportunities Journalism Studies Series

This volume draws together research originally presented at the 2015 Future of Journalism conference at Cardiff University, UK. The conference theme, ?Risks, Threats and Opportunities,? highlighted five areas of particular concern for discussion and debate.

The first of these areas, ?Journalism and Social Media?, explores how journalism and the role of the journalist are being redefined in the digital age of social networking, crowd-sourcing and ?big data?, and how the influence of media like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, and Reddit affects the gathering, reporting or consumption of news? ?Journalists at Risk? assesses the key issues surrounding journalists? safety and their right to report, as news organizations and their sources are increasingly targeted in war, conflict or crisis situations. The third area, ?Journalism Under Surveillance?, asks what freedom of the press means in a post-Snowden climate. What are the new forms of censorship confronting journalism today, and what emergent tactics will help it to speak truth to power?

?Journalism and the Fifth Estate? examines the traditional ideals of the fourth estate, which risk looking outdated, if not obsolete, in the modern world. How much can we rely on citizen media to produce alternative forms of news reporting, and how can we reform mainstream media institutions to make them more open, transparent and accountable to the public? The final area, ?Journalism?s Values?, asks how journalism?s ethical principles and moral standards are evolving in relation to the democratic cultures of communities locally, regionally, nationally or internationally. What are the implications of changing priorities for the education, training and employment of tomorrow?s journalists?

Every chapter in this volume engages with a pressing issue for the future of journalism, offering an original, thought-provoking perspective intended to help facilitate further dialogue and debate. The chapters in this book were originally published in special issues of Digital Journalism, Journalism Practice, and Journalism Studies.

ForewordIntroduction – The Future of Journalism: Risks, Threats and Opportunities1. The New Geography of Journalism Research: Levels and spaces2. Participatory Maps: Digital cartographies and the new ecology of journalism3. Giving computers a nose for news: Exploring the limits of story detection and verification4. Appropriating Social Media: The changing uses of social media among journalists across time5. Sourcing the BBC’s live online coverage of terror attacks6. Twitter as a flexible tool: How the job role of the journalist influences tweeting habits7. The anatomy of leaking in the age of megaleaks: New triggers, old news practices8. Social News = Journalism Evolution? How the integration of UGC into newswork helps and hinders the role of the journalist9. "Twitter Just Exploded": Social media as alternative vox pop10. Who shares what with whom and why? News sharing profiles amongst Flemish news users11. Making sense of Twitter buzz: The cross-media construction of news stories in election time12. Letting the Data speak: Role perceptions of data journalists in fostering democratic conversation13. Towards a New Model for Journalism Education14. The Future of Professional Photojournalism: Perceptions of risk15. Unravelling Data Journalism: A study of data journalism practice in British newsrooms16. Changes in U.S. Journalism: How do journalists think about social media?17. Are you talking to me? An analysis of journalism conversation on social media18. Political Journalists’ Interaction Networks: The German Federal Press Conference on Twitter19. Journalism Under Threat: Intimidation and harassment of Swedish journalists20. Fake News: The narrative battle over the Ukrainian conflict21. Gender, Risk and Journalism22. Intrapreneurial Informants: An emergent role of freelance journalists23. Mapping changes in local news24. Mixed Messages: An investigation into the discursive construction of journalism as a practice25. The New Architecture of Communications26. Normative Expectations: Employing "communities of practice" models for assessing journalism’s normative claims27. Valuable Journalism: Measuring news quality from a user’s perspective 28. Folk Theories of Journalism: The many faces of a local newspaper29. Interacting with Audiences: Journalistic role conceptions, reciprocity, and perceptions about participation30. Cosmopolitan Journalists? Global journalism in the work and visions of journalists31. Participation and the Blurring Values of Journalism32. Core Blighty? How journalists define themselves through metaphor: British Journalism Review 2011-201433. What makes a good journalist? Empathy as a central resource in journalistic work practice34. Camouflaging Church as State: An exploratory study of journalism’s native advertising35. Embedded Links, Embedded Meanings: Social media commentary and news sharing as mundane media criticism36. Power to the Virtuous? Civic culture in the changing digital terrain

The editors of this book are based in the School of Journalism, Media and Culture at Cardiff University, UK.