Contents: Introduction to the volume, Ann Ward and Lee Ward; Part 1 Classical and Judeo-Christian Images of Federalism: Introduction to part 1; Nascent federalism and its limits in Ancient Greece: Herodotus and Thucydides, Ann Ward and Sara MacDonald; Before federalism? Thomas Aquinas, Jean Quidort and Nicolas Cusanus, Nicholas Aroney; The reformational legacy of theologico-political federalism, Shaun de Freitas and Andries Raath. Part 2 The Origins of Modern Federalism: Introduction to part 2; Johannes Althusius: between secular federalism and the religious state, Bettina Koch; Early Dutch and German federal theory: Spinoza, Hugo and Leibniz, Lee Ward; Montesquieu on federalism and the problem of liberty in the international system, Ann Ward and David S. Fott; Federalism and David Hume's perfect commonwealth, Will R.Jordan and Scott Yenor; Jean Jacques Rousseau and the case against (and for) federalism, Daniel E. Cullen; Kant and federalism, Joseph M. Knippenberg. Part 3 Federalism and the Early American Republic: Introduction to part 3; 'A system without a precedent': the federalism of the Federalist papers, Quentin Taylor; The anti-federalists and Tocqueville on federalism: lessons for today, David Lewis Schaefer; Thomas Jefferson's enlightenment idea of federalism, Peter McNamara; Tocqueville on federalism as an American accident, Peter Augustine Lawler; John C. Calhoun's federalism and its contemporary echoes, James Read; A more perfect union: secession, federalism and democracy in the words and actions of Lincoln, William Mathie. Part 4 European Federalism: Introduction to part 4; Confederation, federal state and federation: around Louis Le Fur, Guillaume Barrera; Looking into Medusa's eyes: Carl Schmitt on federalism, Nicolas Patrici; Alterio Spinelli and European federalism, Roberto Castaldi; Polyvalent federalism: Johannes Althusius to Edvard Kardelj and Titoism, Matthew McCullock; A 'European' federalism: from Alterio Spinelli to the EU Constitutional Treaty, Francesca Vassallo; From Laeken to Lisbon: Europe's experiment with constitutional federalism, Martyn de Bruyn. Part 5 Contemporary Theories of Federalism: Introduction to part 5; The covenant tradition of federalism: the pioneering studies of Daniel J. Elazar, Glenn A. Moots; William Riker's 'rationalist' federalism, Benjamin Kleinerman; Theories of fiscal federalism and the European experience, Alberto Majocchi; Postmodern federalism and sub-state nationalism, Greg Marchildon. Part 6 Regional Experiences of Federalism: Introduction to part 6; Federalism in Africa: an indigenous idea with a colonial history, Sara Jordan; Australian federalism: an innovation in constitutionalism, Haig Patapan; India: a model of cooperative federalism, Akhtar Majeed; Federalism: the Latin American experience, Julián Durazo Hermann; Federalism or Islam? Ibn Khaldun on Islam and politics, Khalil Habib; The Rehnquist court and the 'new federalism', Jack Wade Nowlin; Conclusion, Ann Ward and Lee Ward; Index.