Targeted Cancer Immune Therapy, 2009

Stimulation of the immune system?s ability to control and destroy tumors cont- ues to be the goal of cancer immune therapy; but the scope has rapidly expanded; approaches are constantly updated; new molecules are continually introduced; and immune mechanisms are becoming better understood. This book has no intention of covering every aspect of immune therapy but rather focuses on the novelty of cancer immune therapy in an attempt to give readers an opportunity to absorb the new aspects of immune therapy from a single source. In this regard, three areas were selected: cytokine immune therapy, cell-based immune therapy, and targeted immune therapy. In each of these three sections, only the novel aspects of immune therapy were described instead of attempting to cover any historical achievement. In the first section, Cytokine Immune Therapy, the IL12 family, IL18, IL21, IL24, IL28, and IL29 were emphasized in regard to the an- tumor function and application in treating tumors. Most of these selected cyt- ines were discovered in last 10 years. In the second section, Cell-based Immune Therapy, the focus was engineering potent immune regulatory or effector cells such as dendritic cells, T cells, and stem cells. Cell engineering design is primarily based on the increased understanding of the interaction of tumor antigen-presenting cells, antigen- specific effector cells, and the tumor microenvironment.

Role of IL12 Family in Regulation of Antitumor Immune Response.- IL-18 in Regulation of Antitumor Immune Response and Clinical Application.- Interleukin-21 and Cancer Therapy.- IL-24 in Regulation of Antitumor Immune Response and in Signaling.- IL-28 and IL-29 in Regulation of Antitumor Immune Response and Induction of Tumor Regression.- Passive and Active Tumor Homing Cytokin Therapy.- New Strategies to Improve Tumor Cell Vaccine Therapy.- Modification of Dendritic Cells to Enhance Cancer Vaccine Potency.- Dendritic Cell Vaccines for Immunotherapy of Cancer: Challenges in Clinical Trials.- A Toll Bridge for T-Cells.- Engineering Adult Stem Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy.- Animal Models for Evaluating Immune Responses of Human Effector Cells in Vivo.- CD40 Stimulation and Antitumor Effects.- Immunocytokines: A Novel Approach to Cancer Immune Therapy.- Immune Escape: Role of Ondoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Tumor Tolerance.- Adoptive Transfer of T-Bodies: Towards an Effective Cancer Immunotherapy.- Targeting Toll Like Receptor for the Induction of Immune and Antitumor Responses.- Manipulating TNF Receptors to Enhance Tumor Immunity for the Treatment of Cancer.-