Strategies to Cope with Risks of Uncertain Water Supply in Spate Irrigation Systems Case Study: Gash Agricultural Scheme in Sudan IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series

Flood based irrigation in particular spate irrigation relies on variable flood scenarios occurring every year. Management of spate flood for spate irrigation must cope with the variability and uncertainty of water supply. Coping with water supply risks is often the only way to harness the opportunities for a productive use of water in arid environment. Integrating and strengthening community responses into irrigation policies and improvement plans could ensure sustainable and productive spate irrigated systems that can achieve food security for the poor population. This research analyses and evaluates risks and coping strategies developed by farming communities in the Gash spate irrigation system in Sudan, Eastern Africa. The research has synthesized different coping strategies developed by farmers, water user associations and water managers to cope with low, high and untimely flood risks. The research provide different frameworks that can assist with the identification of risk sources, pathways and propagation as well as evaluation of locally developed strategies at field, secondary and intake systems. The findings of this study contribute to scarce knowledge on spate irrigation system and provide scientifically sound and evidence-based insights to aid informed policy and decision making to improve productivity and sustainability of the spate irrigation systems.

1. Introduction
2. Risks of uncertain water supply in spate irrigation
3. Adaptation strategies to cope with low, high and untimely floods: Lessons from the Gash spate irrigation system, Sudan
4. Irrigation performance under alternative field designs in a spate irrigation system with large field dimensions
5. Flexibility as a strategy to cope with uncertain water supply in spate irrigation
6. Conclusions and recommendations

Ms. Eiman Fadul Bashir is an Assistant Professor at the Hydraulic Research Centre in Sudan with specialization in hydrology and hydraulic Engineering. She has conducted many applied research studies related to several aspects of irrigation water management, sedimentation in irrigation systems, design of irrigation systems and hydraulic structures, and rural water supply. She led SIRGPA project in Sudan, Funded by IFAD and implemented by UNESCO-IHE Institute and local partners. Ms. Eiman was the winner of the UNESCO Keizo Obuchi Research Award in 2008. She worked as a guest lecturer at Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) at Loughborough University in UK and contributed to the capacity building of young professionals on irrigation and water management under drought and water scarcity at the UNESCO-IHE Institute for water education, The Netherlands.