Physics and Metallurgy of Superconductors / Metallovedenie, Fiziko-Khimiya I Metallozipika Sverkhprovodnikov / Металловедение Физико-Химип и Металлофизика Сверхпроводников, 1970 Proceedings of the Second and Third Conferences on Metallurgy, Physical Chemistry, and Metal Physics of Superconductors held at Moscow in May 1965 and May 1966

The papers collected in this book were presented to the second and third annual confer­ ences on the metallography, physical chemistry, and physics of superconductors which took place in May of 1965 and 1966. These annual conferences, held at the A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, have quickly become part of the scientific life of the country, and are already a tradition. More than thirty papers were read at each con­ ference, and between 250 and 300 representatives of a large number of organizations were pre­ sent at each conference. There was a distinguished array of scientific organizations taking part in the work of these conferences, which discussed current problems in the structure (constitution) and pro­ perties of superconductors, and ways of improving their characteristics so as to ensure the successful use of these materials in various new fields of technology. In the period which has passed since the first conference (May 1964), scientific research into superconducting systems and compounds has undergone substantial further development. A number of diagrams relating the composition to the superconducting properties have been studiedj new superconducting alloys have been developed together with methods of processing them and making them into various objects. The phase diagrams of the most promising super­ conducting systems (Nb-Sn, V-Ga, Nb-Zr, and Nb-Ti) have been investigated moreprecisely.

I. Properties of Niobium—Zirconium Superconducting Alloys.- Effect of Impurities on the Superconducting Properties of Niobium and its Alloys with Zirconium.- Effect of the Addition of Oxygen on the Structure and Superconducting Properties of Zirconium—Niobium Alloys.- X-Ray Diffraction and Metallographic Study of Phase Transformations in Superconducting Niobium—Zirconium Alloys.- Properties of an Alloy with a Dispersed Superconducting Phase.- On Raising the Electrical Resistance of Zirconium—Niobium Alloys by Cooling to Critical Temperatures.- X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Fine Structure of a Superconducting Zr-25%Nb Alloy.- II. Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment on the Superconducting Properties of Nb-Zr, Nb-Ti, V-Ti, and Hb-Hf Binary Alloys.- Effect of Heat Treatment on the Temperature Corresponding to the Transformation of Nb-Zr Alloys into the Superconducting State.- Individual Effects of Plastic Deformation and the Decomposition of the Solid Solution on the Critical Current of Superconducting Alloys of the Nb-Ti and Nb-Zr Systems.- Effect of Heat Treatment on the Superconducting Properties of Nb-Ti Alloys.- Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment on the Superconducting Properties of Some Nb-Ti Alloys.- Effect of Various Factors on the Superconducting Properties of Nb-Ti Alloys.- Effect of Heat Treatment on the Superconducting Properties of V-Ti Alloys.- Superconducting Properties of Nb-Hf Alloys and the Effect of Mechanical and Heat Treatment on Their Structure and Properties.- III. Three-Component Superconducting Alloys.- Structure and Superconducting Properties of an Nb-33%Zr Alloy Containing Copper.- Superconducting Properties of Niobium-Base Alloys.- Three-Component Alloys Based on the Nb-Ti System.- Effect of Microinhomogeneities on the Transformation Temperature of Superconducting Alloys.- Superconducting and Mechanical Properties of Three-Component Alloys Based on the V-Ti System.- IV. Superconducting Properties of Compounds and Coatings Prepared from Them.- Third Critical Field of Superconductors with a Film on the Surface.- Critical Magnetic Fields of High-Field Superconductors.- Reasons for Changes in the Superconducting Properties of Nb3Sn.- Deposition of Nb3Sn on a Wire From the Gas Phase.- Structure and Superconducting Properties of Some Superconducting Alloys of the Nb-Ga System.- Superconducting Compounds of Vanadium.- Superconducting Properties of V-Si and V-Ga Diffusion Coatings.- Structure and Superconducting Properties of V-Ga Alloys.- Production and Superconducting Properties of Diffusion Coatings of Indium, Cadmium, Lead, Thallium, Bismuth, and Zinc on Vanadium.- Some Laws of the Superconductivity of Intermetallic Compounds.- Discussion on the Paper of G. V. Samsonov and E. N. Denbnovetskaya.- V. Phase Diagrams of Superconducting Alloys.- Phase Diagram of the Nb-Sn System.- Phase Diagram of the Nb-Sn System.- Phase Diagram of the Nb-Ge System.- Phase Diagram of the Nb-Nb5Si3 System and Crystal Structure of the Compound Nb3Si.- VI. Methods of Studying the Properties of Superconducting Alloys.- Apparatus for Measuring the Temperature Corresponding to the Transformation of Metals and Alloys into the Superconducting State.- Use of Physical Methods for Revealing Inhomogeneities in the Composition and Structure of Zr-Nb Alloys.- Apparatus for Measuring the Critical Current of Superconducting Metal and Alloy Wire Samples in an External Magnetic Field.