Olfaction and Taste XI, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1994 Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste and of the 27th Japanese Symposium on Taste and Smell Joint Meeting held at Kosei-nenkin Kaikan, Sapporo, Japan, July 12-16, 1993

In this compendium of current studies on olfaction and taste - the most comprehensive yet to appear in this series - the chemical senses are elucidated from points of view ranging from anatomy, electrophysiology, molecular biology (especially chemoreceptor gene cloning), biochemistry, and psychophysics to the latest clinical and technological applications of chemosensory research. Specific topics include the structure and function of the tastebud and olfactory epithelium; the genetics and mechanisms of olfactory and taste transduction; the chemistry and function of flavor compounds; the psychophysics of taste and olfaction in daily human life; the brain mechanisms of coding, learning, and memory in olfaction and taste; the clinical assessment of taste and olfaction with special reference to aging and disorders; noninvasive measurements of human olfactory and taste responses for therapeutic purposes; artifical sensing devices; chemoreception in aquatic organisms and other species; and chemosensory transduction in insects. With its multidisciplinary approach, this volume will be an invaluable source of information not only for researchers, clinicians, and students but also for technologists in fields such as artificial sensing, perfumery, brewery, food chemistry, aquafarming, and agriculture.

Gustatory Cells as Paraneurons.- Receptosecretory Nature of the Gustatory Cell.- Structure/Function Correlates in Taste Buds.- Role of Merkel Cells in the Taste Organ Morphogenesis of the Frog.- Keratin Polypeptides and Taste Buds.- Frog Taste Cells After Denervation.- Parasympathetic Postganglionic Nerve Fibers in the Fungiform Papillae of the Frog.- Lamellar Bodies of Mouse Taste Buds.- Ultracytochemical Localization of Enzymes and Substances Associated with Transmission and Transduction in Mouse Taste Buds.- Electron Microscopic Demonstration of Guanylate Cyclase Activity in Rabbit Taste Bud Cells.- Ultrastructure of Canine Circumvallate Taste Buds.- Structural and Functional Features of Human Fungiform Papillae.- Investigations on the Dynamics of Chemosensory Epithelia.- Intercellular Communications via Gap Junctions in the Olfactory System.- Generation, Differentiation, and Maturation of Olfactory Receptor Neurons In Vitro.- Stem Cells of Olfactory Cells During Development.- Growth Factor Regulation of Olfactory Cell Proliferation.- Lectin Histochemical Studies of the Development of Two Olfactory Receptors in Xenopus laevis.- Effects of p-Chloroamphetamine on Recovery of Olfactory Function Following Olfactory Nerve Severance in Mice.- Neuronal and Glial Markers in Immortalized Olfactory Cell Lines.- Development of the Rat Olfactory Epithelium.- Ontogeny of the Septal Olfactory Organ of Masera in the Rat.- Immunocytochemical Study of the Vomeronasal Epithelium of the Infant Rat.- Characterization of the Mucomicrovillar Complex in the Vomeronasal Epithelium with Lectinohistochemistry and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy.- Gustducin and Transducin Are Present in Taste Cells.- Seven Transmembrane Receptors in Tongue Epithelia.- Cloning of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors from Bovine Taste Tissue.- Strategies for Isolation of Taste Receptor Proteins.- Molecular Mechanisms of Taste Receptor Cell Signal Transduction.- Immunohistochemical Localization of G-Proteins in Mouse Taste Buds.- Kinetics of Second Messenger Formation in Taste Transduction.- Selective Suppression of Bitter Taste Responses by Lipoprotein.- Where and What Is the Target of the Sweet Taste Inhibitory Peptide, Gurmarin?.- Effects of Various Liposomes on Frog Taste Nerve Responses to Odorants and Taste Stimuli.- Molecular Modelling Approach to the Structure of Taste Receptor Sites.- Discrimination of Taste Between Polysaccharides and Common Sugars in Rats and Mice.- Gustatory Responses of the Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve to l- and d-Amino Acids Applied on the Soft Palate in the Rat.- The Effect of Topical Treatment with a Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor, MK-927, on the Response of the Chorda Tympani Nerve to Carbonated Water.- l-Arginine-Regulated Conductances in Catfish Taste Cells.- Ion Channels in Gustatory Transduction of Frog Taste Cells.- Transcellular and Paracellular Pathways in Taste Buds Mediate Salt Chemoreception: The Location of Na+ Transducing Channels.- Effect of Novobiocin on Cation Channel Formation and Enhancement of Salt Taste.- Ion Channels Contributing to the Generation of Salt-Induced Response in Isolated Bullfrog Taste Cells.- Distribution of Ion Channels on the Bullfrog Taste Cell Membrane.- Effects of Anions on the Responses to Ca, Mg, and Na in Single Water Fibers of the Frog Glossopharyngeal Nerve.- Electrophysiological Properties and Chemically-Induced Responses of Mammalian Taste Bud Cells.- Patch Clamping of Single Mammalian Taste Receptor Cell.- Electrical Responses of Taste Cells in Peeled Epithelium of Mouse Tongue.- Role of Salivary Ions in Maintenance of Taste Sensitivity in the Chorda Tympani Nerve of Rats.- Mechanism of the Electric Response of Lipid Bilayers to Bitter Substances.- A Theoretical Study of the Synergetic Effects of Mixed Taste Stimuli on the Responses of Taste Cells and Nerves.- Response Properties of the Rat Lingual Trigeminal Nerve to Acidic Stimuli.- The Effect of Gustatory Nerve Transections on Sucrose Responsiveness in the Rat.- Olfactory Reception: From Signal Modulation to Human Genome Mapping.- Olfactory Receptor Family: Diversity and Spatial Patterning.- Signal Recognition and Transduction in Olfaction.- Role of Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) in Olfactory Transduction.- ?-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase, ?-Arrestin, and cGMP as Mediators of Olfactory Desensitization.- G-Proteins and Type III Adenylyl Cyclase During Rat Olfactory Epithelium Ontogeny.- Differential Expression of Vomeromodulin mRNA in the Nasal Mucosa of Rats During Ontogeny.- A Temperature Increase Abolishes Ability of Turtle Olfactory Receptors to Discriminate Odorants with Close Structures.- Enhancement of Turtle Olfactory Responses to Fatty Acids by Treatment of Olfactory Epithelium with Phosphatidylserine.- Olfactory Transduction Studied with Caged Cyclic Nucleotides.- cAMP-Gated Channels from Olfactory Neurons of the Rat: Chemical Gating, Inhibition by Ca Ions, Noise Analysis.- Transmigration of Calcium Ions in the Olfactory Receptor Cell.- Cyclic AMP-Gated Channels and Ca-Activated Cl? Channels in Vertebrate Olfactory Receptor Cells.- Patch-Clamp Measurements on Mammalian Olfactory Receptor Neurons.- IP3-Activated Ion Channel Activities in Olfactory Receptor Neurons from Different Vertebrate Species.- Mediation of Opposing Transduction Cascades in Lobster Olfactory Receptor Neurons by cAMP and IP3.- The Significant Contribution of the cAMP-Independent Pathway to Turtle Olfactory Transduction.- Functional Properties of Frog Vomeronasal Receptor Cells.- Experimental Study of Olfactory Desensitization in Electro-Olfactogram.- Survey of Ligand-Gated Conductance in Olfactory Receptor Cilia.- IP3-Gated Current in Isolated Rat Olfactory Neurons.- Ligand and Ion Specificity of IP3-Gated Channels in Lobster Olfactory Receptor Cells.- Origin of the Chloride Component of Olfactory Receptor Current.- Study of Olfactory Transduction by Analysis of Dynamics of Odor-Induced [Ca2+]i Increases in Receptor Neurons.- Optical Recordings of Calcium Responses in Neighboring Olfactory Receptors Suggest that the Distribution of Subtypes of Receptors is Heterogeneous.- Olfactory Receptor Responses to Chemical Stimulation.- Whole Tissue Voltage Clamp of Frog Olfactory Mucosa Using a Modified Ussing Chamber.- Mucosal Activity Patterns and Odorant Quality Perception.- Olfactory Response to an Inorganic Metal Compound.- Ligand Recognition Mechanism of Bacterial Chemoreceptors Revealed by Site-Specific Sulfhydryl Modification.- Genetics of Taste in Drosophila.- Genetic Dissection of Taste Transduction Mechanisms in Drosophila.- Maxillary Palp: A Second Olfactory Organ of Drosophila.- Genetics of the Gurmarin-Sensitive Sweet Receptor in Mice.- Molecular-Genetic Studies of Mouse Proline-Rich Protein Genes and Bitter Taste.- Odortypes Determined by the Major Histocompatibility Complex in Mice.- Isolation of Variants for Fructose or Glucose Taste from a Natural Population of Hawaiian Drosophila adiastola.- Molecular Population Genetics of Olfactory Systems in Drosophila melanogaster Complex: Cloning of Putative Olfactory Receptor Genes.- Chemical Characterization of Odortypes in Mice.- Induction of Olfactory Receptor Sensitivity in Mice.- Structures and Functions of Antisweetness Substances, Sweetness-Inducing Substances, and Sweet Proteins.- Further Studies of l-Ornithyltaurine HC1, a New Salty Peptide.- Behavioral Evidence for the Primacy of the Chorda Tympani Nerve in Sodium Chloride Taste.- Effect of Gurmarin on Glucoreceptor-Originated Autonomic Reflex.- Chirality in Tea Aroma Compounds.- Important Odorants in Roasted White and Black Sesame Seeds.- Flavor Development in the Beans of Vanilla planifolia.- Odor Thresholds of Cyclic Esters.- Synthesis of “Delicious Peptide (Lys-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu-Ser-Leu-Ala)” Analogs; Investigation of Their Tastes.- The Tastes of O-Aminoacyl Sugars.- Role of Arginine and Lysine Residues in Sweetness Expression of Thaumatin.- Purification and Structural Characterization of Homologues of the Heat-Stable Sweet Protein, Mabinlin.- Sensory Identification of Effective Components for Masking Bitterness of Arginine in Synthetic Extract of Scallop.- Comparison of Extracts from Species of the Mackerel Family.- Odor of (R)-Ethyl Citronellyl Oxalate and Its Conformations.- Statistical Analysis of Flavor Components and Sensory Data for Tea.- Behavior Manifestations Indicative of Hedonics and Intensity in Chemosensory Experience.- Semantics of Astringency.- Central and Peripheral Aspects of Spatial Summation and Mixture Suppression in Taste.- Temporal Patterns of Perceived Tastes Differ from Liquid Flow at the Tongue.- Structure and Dimension of the Taste Sensory Space: Central and Peripheral Data.- Increased Taste Discrimination Ability by Flowing Stimuli over the Tongue.- The Effects of Tasting Foods on the Flow Rate of Whole Saliva.- The Effect of Taste Adaptation on Salivary Flow Rate in Children.- Relation Between Human Taste and Ion Concentration in Saliva.- Approach to Tastiness Evaluation: Electrophysiological Evaluation of Effect of Mood State on Perception of Taste.- Free-Choice Profiling vs Conventional Descriptive Analysis in Characterizing the Sensory Properties of Acids on an Equi-Sour Basis.- Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) Taste Test in Various Ethnic Groups in China.- Cross-Cultural Studies of Japanese and Australian Taste Preferences.- A Basic Study of the Initial Development of Food Preference: Feeding Experiments with Diet Containing Capsaicin.- Why Do You Like Bitter Taste?.- Production of Low Sodium Chloride Soy Sauce.- Cognitive and Physiological Factors That Affect the Perception of Odor Mixtures.- Nasal Trigeminal Chemoreceptors May Have Affector and Effector Functions.- Effects of Fragrance of Whiskey: An Electrophysiological Study.- A Study of Fragrance Preferences.- A Study of Perfume Preferences.- Factor Structure in the Imagery of Fragrance: Study of Differences Between the Sexes.- Factor Structure in the Imagery of Fragrance: Study of Generational Differences.- Effects of Fragrances on Work Efficiency.- Evaluation of the Effect of Plant-Derived Odors Based on Fatigue Investigation.- A Case Study of Olfactory Fatigue to an Odorant (Tertiary-Butyl-Mercaptan) in Town Gas in the Matsumoto City Area of Japan.- Changes in Detection Thresholds of Androstenol and Pentalide During the Menstrual Cycle.- A Study of Aromatherapy for Pregnant Women.- Looking-Time in the Presence of Congruent and Incongruent Odors.- Cross-Adaptation Effects Among Five Odorants of the T and T Olfactometer.- T&T Olfactometer for Standardized Olfactory Test and Its Uses.- Offensive Odor Control Measures in Japan.- Typical Olfactory Properties of the Aromas of Green, Oolong, and Black Teas.- Excitatory and Sedative Effects of Body Odor-Related Chemicals on Contingent Negative Variation.- The Effect of Video Images on Psychophysiological Changes Concomitant with Exposure to Odors.- Effects of Fluctuating Odor on Odor Intensity and Annoyance.- Perception of Monosodium Glutamate in Water and Food by Young and Elderly Subjects.- Humans and Appreciation of the Umami Taste.- Enhancing Effect of Nucleotides on Sweetness of Heated Prawn Muscle.- Enhancing Effects of Salts on Canine Taste Responses to Amino Acids and Umami Substances.- Umami Taste in the Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta).- Umami Taste in the Forebrain of the Alert Macaque.- Central Function in Preference for Amino Acids.- Effect of Umami Taste of Monosodium Glutamate Paired with a Meal on Early Humoral and Metabolic Changes in the Rat.- The Molecular Biology of Glutamate Receptors in Rat Taste Buds.- Monosodium Glutamate Binding to Bovine Epithelial Cells Is Affected by the Ionic Composition of the Medium.- Role of Yeast in the Formation of Inosinic Acid as the Taste Compound in Leavened Bread.- Neural Coding of Taste in Macaque Monkeys.- Role of Calcitonin-Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) as a Chemical Marker for the Thalamocortical Visceral Sensory System.- Functional Organization of the Orally Responsive NST.- Information Processing in the Parabrachial Nucleus of the Pons.- Taste Information Processing in the Insular Cortex of Rats.- Optical Recording of Neural Signals in Rat Geniculate Ganglion.- Fos Protein Expression in Taste Neurons Following Electrical Stimulation of Afferent Nerves.- Coding of Binary Heterogeneous Taste Mixtures in the Hamster Parabrachial Nucleus.- Location of a Taste-Related Region in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus in Rats.- Convergence of Afferent Inputs from Tongue, Pharynx, and Larynx in the Insular Cortex of the Rat.- NMDA and Non-NMDA Receptors Mediate Taste Afferent Inputs to Cortical Taste Neurons in Rats.- Effects of Substance P and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptides on Cortical Taste Neurons in Rats.- Gustatory Responses of Cortical Neurons in the Awake Monkey.- Artificial Neural Networks Analyze Response Patterns of Cortical Taste Neurons in the Rat.- Amygdalar Neuronal Responses to Taste and Other Sensory Stimuli in Awake Rats.- Roles of Taste in the Frog.- Comparison of Hypoglossal and Reticular Formation Neural Activity During Gustatory-Evoked Ingestion and Rejection.- Oropharyngeal/Laryngeal Mechanisms for Vasopressin Release.- Synaptic Circuitry of Olfactory Bulb Glomeruli.- Molecular Receptive Range Properties of Mitral/Tufted Cells in the Mammalian Main Olfactory Bulb.- Properties of Salamander Olfactory Bulb Circuits.- Central Coding of Odor Information in the Brain of the Slug, Limax marginatus.- Differential Regulation of Neurotrophic Factor Expression in the Olfactory Bulb.- Neural Responses of Olfactory Bulb and Pyriform Cortex to Odors of Essential Oils and Terpenes in Rats.- Suppressive Interactions During Olfactory Bulb Circuit Response to Odor: Computer Simulation.- Analysis of Dopamine and Its Effects in the Salamander Olfactory Bulb.- Modulation of Dendrodendritic Interactions in the Rat Olfactory Bulb by Locus Coeruleus Stimulation.- Determinants of Odor Mixture Perception in Squirrel Monkeys, Saimiri sciureus.- Oxidative Energy Metabolism Supporting Evoked Potentials in Olfactory Cortex Slice.- Localization of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Mouse Olfactory and Vomeronasal System: A Histochemical, Immunological, and In Situ Hybridization Study.- Removal of the Vomeronasal Organ: Long-Term Studies of Male and Female Prairie Voles.- Odor-Induced Puberty and Expression of c-fos in the Olfactory Bulb of Female Mice (Mus musculus).- c-fos Expression in Vomeronasal Pathways During Mating Behavior in Male Hamsters.- Social Environment Affects Synapses in the Accessory Olfactory Bulb of Adult Hamster: Quantitative Electron Microscopic Study.- The Action of Paraventricular Oxytocinergic Neurons on Mitral and Granule Cells of the Rat Olfactory Bulb.- Effective Induction of Pregnancy Block by Electrical Stimulation of the Mouse Accessory Olfactory Bulb Coincident with Prolactin Surges.- The Effect of Microinfusions of Drugs into the Accessory Olfactory Bulb on the Olfactory Block to Pregnancy.- Convergent Olfactory, Taste/Visceral and Other Sensory Inputs to the Monkey Orbital Cortex.- Emotional Behavior in Cats Induced Olfactorily by matatabi (Actinidia polygama).- Memory for Taste Aversion: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms.- Neural Mechanisms of Conditioned Taste Aversion Revealed by Functional Ablation Procedures.- A Neural Model for Taste Aversion Learning.- Nerve Growth Factor Accelerates Recovery of Conditioned Taste Aversion Learning by Insular Cortical Grafts.- A Comparative Study of Neocortical Olfactory Neuron Responses in Very Young Pups and Adult Dogs.- The Noradrenergic Basis of Early Olfactory Plasticity.- Odor Learning and Odor Memory in the Rat.- Olfactory Recognition Memory.- Modifiability of NaCl Taste Aversion Generalization Functions.- Effects of Lesions of the Medial and Lateral Parabrachial Nuclei on Acquisition and Retention of Conditioned Taste Aversion.- Parabrachial Lesions Disrupt Conditioned Taste and Odor Aversions, but not Learned Capsaicin Aversion or Flavor Preference.- Olfactory Recognition of Five Species by Urine Odor in Tufted Capuchin (Cebus apella).- Changes in Urinary Marking Behavior of Mice with Development.- Functional Correlation Between Feeding-Related Neurons and Chemical Senses.- Taste Responses During Ingestion.- Role of Taste in Dietary Selection.- Changes of Taste Preference with Nutritional Disorder and Neural Plasticity in the Brain.- Chemosensory Factors Affecting Acceptance of Food During Human Growth.- Sensory Preferences for Sweet High-Fat Foods: Evidence for Opiate Involvement.- Taste Preference in Adrenalectomized Rats.- Appetite and Taste Preferences in Growing Rats in Various States of Protein Nutrition.- Developmental Changes in Taste Response to and Preferential Ingestion of Various Sugars in Rats.- Gustatory Neural Inputs for l-Lysine in Mice.- Effects of Angiotensin II and ANP on Taste Nerve Activity.- Dietary NaCl Deficiency Affects Gustatory Neurons in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract of Behaving Rats.- Taste Functions and Na+-Appetite After Excitotoxic Lesions of the Parabrachial Nuclei in Rats.- Responses of Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons in Lysine-Deficient Rats.- Lateral Hypothalamic Neuron Response to Application of Amino Acids in Different Nutritive Conditions.- Gustatory and Olfactory Responses of Chemosensitive Pallidal Neurons.- Effects of IV Angiotensin II on Cortical Neurons During a Salt-Water Discrimination GO/NOGO-Task in Monkeys.- Influences of Aging on Taste Bud Distribution and Taste Perception in Humans and Rodents.- Influence of Aging on Taste Threshold.- Human Sensory Function for Taste Is Robust Across the Adult Life-Span.- Early Development of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve in Humans.- Influence of Aging on Taste Threshold, Examined by Whole Mouth Method.- Changes with Age in the Electrogustometric Threshold.- Taste Loss and Taste Phantoms: A Role of Inhibition in the Taste System.- Drug-Induced Taste Disorders.- Clinical Assessment of Taste Disorders and Evaluation of Zinc Therapy.- Concepts of Therapy in Taste and Smell Dysfunction: Repair of Sensory Receptor Function as Primary Treatment.- Is the Whole Mouth Method an Appropriate Index of Taste Disorders?.- Secretory Function of the Salivary Glands in Patients with Taste Disorders: Correlation Between Zinc Deficiency and Secretory Function of Salivary Glands.- Clinical Experience of Zinc Picolinate in the Treatment of Patients with Taste Disorders.- Double-Blind Study of the Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Picolinate in Taste Disorder: Preliminary Report.- Xanthurenic Acid and Zinc.- Clinical Aspects of Phantogeusia.- Effect of Muscle Relaxation on Chronic Pain Patients Who Have Taste Dysfunction.- Reinnervation After Severance of the Chorda Tympani During Middle Ear Surgery.- Analysis of Neurogenesis and Aging of Olfactory Epithelium in the Rat.- Pathology of Olfactory Mucosa in Patients with Age-Related Olfactory Disturbance and Dementia.- Rise and Fall of Olfactory Competence Through Life.- Olfactory Dysfunction in the Elderly and in Alzheimer’s Disease.- Differential Expression of Cell-Specific Molecules in Olfactory Receptor Neurons of Humans of Different Ages.- Olfactory Acuity of American and Japanese Subjects Tested with a T and T Olfactometer.- Clinical Evaluation of Disorders of the Sense of Smell.- Psychophysical Assessment of Chemosensory Disorders in Clinical Populations.- Clinical Evaluation of Olfactory Dysfunction at Kagoshima University.- Diagnosis and Treatment of Distorted Olfactory Perception.- Endoscopic Observations for the Diagnosis of Olfactory Disturbance.- Olfactory Event-Related Potentials in the Diagnosis of Smell Disorders.- Ultrastructural Analysis of Olfactory Mucosa in Patients with Congenital Anosmia.- Morphological Study of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Sinusitis.- Clinical Features of Olfactory Disorder Following Common Cold.- Monorhinal Smell Identification Ability Before and After Temporal Lobectomy.- Anosmic Patients Can Separate Trigeminal and Nontrigeminal Stimulants.- Olfactory Function in Patients with Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: An All-or-One Phenomenon?.- Gustatory-Evoked Potentials in Man: A Long History and Final Results.- Brain Event-Related Potentials to Primary Tastes.- EEG Topography of Affective Response to Odors.- Olfaction and the EEG: Old Paradigms and New Approaches.- Do the Brain Hemispheres React Differently to Odors? A Study Using Pleasant and Unpleasant Odors.- Chemosensory Event-Related Potentials: Effects of Dichotomous Stimulation with Eugenol and Dipyridyl.- Olfactory Event-Related Potentials and Olfactory Neuromagnetic Fields in Humans.- Electroencephalography and Its Fractal Analysis During Olfactory Stimuli.- Evoked Potentials Produced by Electric Stimulation on the Tongue.- Topographic Analysis of Hemispheric Differences in Chemosensory Event-Related Potentials.- Effects of Odor Pleasantness on Facial EMG.- Different Feeling Profiles in Response to Odor: Relationship to Hemispheric Reactivity.- Influences of Blink Response and Eye Movement on Olfactory Evoked Potentials.- Olfactory Evoked Potentials Using Blast Method for Odor Stimulation.- Wavelet Analysis of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) Under Ambient Odors.- The Taste Sensor.- Intelligent ChemSADs for Artificial Odor-Sensing of Coffees and Lager Beers.- Odor-Sensing System Using QCM Gas Sensors and an Artificial Neural Network.- Chemical Vapor Sensor Using a Lipid-Coated SAW Resonator Oscillator.- A Lipid-Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance as an Olfaction Sensor.- Odor Evaluation of Foods Using Conducting Polymer Arrays and Neural Net Pattern Recognition.- Discrimination of Food Aromas by Applying Chemometric Pattern Recognition to Gas Sensor Array.- Fish Freshness Detection by Semiconductor Gas Sensors.- Taste Recognition Using Multichannel Fiber-Optic Sensors with Potential-Sensitive Dye Coatings.- Halide Anion Sensor.- Pattern Analysis of Odors by Multiple Metal Oxide Semiconductors: Odor Analyzer with Human Sense of Smell.- Novel Intelligent Gas Sensor Based on Informational Source of Nonlinear Response.- Neural Network Processing of Responses to Odorants by a Biological Nose and a Sensor Array.- Measurement of Halitosis with a Zinc Oxide Thin Film Semiconductor Sensor.- Development of Odor-Sensing System Using an Auto-Sampling Stage and Identification of Natural Essential Oils.- A Sensor for the Detection of p-Cresol in Air.- Revolutionary Device to Identify Smell—The Development of an Olfactory Receptor-Coated Biosensor.- Enhancing Effects of Betaine on the Taste Receptor Responses to Amino Acids in the Puffer Fugu pardalis.- Sorting Food from Mud: Vagal Gustatory System of Goldfish (Carassius auratus).- Amino Acids and Other Stimuli for Catfish Feeding, Escape, and Aversion Behaviors.- Specific Amino Acid Binding to Membrane Fractions of Carp Taste Epithelium.- L-Lactate Sensitivity of Fish Taste Receptors.- NH3 Blocks Gustatory Responses of Frogs and Eels.- Responses to Binary Mixtures of Amino Acids in the Facial Taste System of the Channel Catfish.- Gustatory Responses to Amino Acids in Salmonids: Phylogenetic Considerations.- Development of the Facial Lobe in the Sea Catfish, Plotosus lineatus.- Determination of Palatability in Goldfish.- Ultrastructure of Taste Buds in the Spotted Dogfish Scyliorhinus caniculus (Selachii).- Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in the Olfactory Organ of the Embryonic and Larval Zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio.- Specific Regeneration of Peripheral and Central Olfactory Pathways in Goldfish.- Information Processing in the Olfactory Bulb of Goldfish: Interaction of Mitral and Granular Cells.- Olfactory Imprinting and Homing Mechanisms in Salmonids.- Olfactory Responses of Rainbow Trout were Unchanged When Fish was Adapted from Fresh Water to Seawater.- Spatial Coding of Odour Information in Salmonids.- Involvement of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Olfactory Function in Salmonids.- Chemical Alarm Signals in Adult Lake Whitefish.- Avoidance of Pesticides by Olfaction in Carp.- Chemoreception in Paramecium.- Response to Reduced Glutathione of Hydra Cultured in Different Places: Involvement of Protease Activities in Modulation of the Behavioral Response.- Mechanisms of Detection and Discrimination of Mixtures in the Olfactory System of Spiny Lobsters.- Turbulent Odor Dispersal, Receptor Cell Filters, and Chemotactic Behavior.- Taste Discrimination in Salamanders.- Comparison of Tuning Properties of Five Chemoreceptor Organs of the American Lobster: Spectral Filters.- Tuning Properties of Chemoreceptor Cells of the American Lobster: Temporal Filters.- Integration of Olfactory Input by Lobster Olfactory Receptor Neurons.- Study of Feeding Sensitivity in the Prawn, Penaeus chinensis (O’sbeck).- Growth Enhancement in a Freshwater Prawn Through the Use of a Chemoattractant.- Sensitivity of Xenopus Chemoreceptors to Astringent Compounds.- Functional Organization of Insect Taste Hairs.- Multiple Receptor Sites of Insect Taste Cells.- Immunocytochemistry of Odorant-Binding Proteins.- Transduction Ion Channels in Insect Taste Cells.- Elementary Receptor Potentials of Insect Olfactory Cells.- Two Types of Sugar-Binding Protein in the Labellum of the Fly: Putative Taste Receptor Molecules for Sweetness.- Main Soluble Protein in the Taste Organ of the Fly: Localization and cDNA Sequence.- Receptor Current Fluctuation Analysis on the Taste Receptor of the Fleshfly.- The Effects of Cyclic Nucleotides on the Labellar Salt Receptor and Its Adaptation in the Fleshfly.- Taste Cells Isolated from Adult Labella of the Blowfly.- Oviposition Behavior of Insects Influenced by Chemoreceptors.- Olfactory Mechanisms Underlying Sex-Pheromonal Information Processing in Moths.- Olfactory Processing Pathways of the Insect Brain—Lateral Accessory Lobe System in the Protocerebrum Produces Olfactory Flip-Flopping Signals in Bombyx mori.- Pheromone-Modulated Flight Behavior of the Sphinx Moth, Manduca sexta.- Behavioral Reaction Times of Male Moths to Pheromone Filaments and Visual Stimuli: Determinants of Flight Track Shape and Direction.- Correlation of Chemoreception with Choice of Oviposition Site in Blowflies, Phormia regina.- Food Distribution Dependence in Fractal Feeding Behavior of Drosophila.- Elevation of Locomotor Activity After Sucrose Intake in the Blowfly, Phormia regina M.- Central Projection of the Antennal Cold Receptor Axons of the Cockroach.- Portable Devices for Single Sensillum (SSR) and Electroantennogram (EAG) Recording from Insect Antennae in the Field.- Sensitivity and Responsiveness of Neurons Associated with Male-Specific Trichoid Sensilla in the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, to Volatile Emissions of Sympatric Spodoptera spp. and Plant Odors.- Sex Pheromone Perception by Males of Periplaneta and Blatta Species.- Motor Patterns Underlying Pheromone-Modulated Flight in Male Moths, Manduca sexta.- Morphology and Physiology of Pheromone-Triggered Flip-Flopping Descending Interneurons of the Male Silkworm Moth, Bombyx mori.- List of Contributors.- Key Word Index.