Modern Colorants: Synthesis and Structure, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995 Advances in Color Chemistry Series, Vol. 3

Although the research actIvItIes of dyestuff chemists worldwide have been influenced to a great extent, in recent years, by the need to respond to a variety of environmental issues associated with the manufacture and application of synthetic dyes and pigments, a significant level of targeted research continues to be devoted to new chemistry aimed at enhancing the technical properties of dyes in commerce. This book is a presentation of various aspects of basic research conducted during the past decade but not reported in the recent review literature. The coverage herein is unique in that it emphasizes systematic approaches commonly utilized in the design and synthesis of dyes and pigments and the required intermediates. While it is well known that certain transition metals are important in the synthesis of technically viable metallized dyes for polyamide and protein fibers, these metals are demonstrated in Chapter 1 also to be effective agents in the regiospecific placement of substituents into azo compounds. The scope and limitations of this chemistry are presented. In other synthetic work, a description of the different processes employed to produce the major families of reactive dyes is presented. In Chapter 4, special attention is given to reactive dyes containing more than one reactive group, and to the more recent developments in the field. The two chapters which follow provide a review of the recent literature pertaining to novel chromophores and dyes for the D2T2 process, respectively.

1 Transition metals in dye synthesis.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 The principle of cyclometallation.- 1.3 Syntheses of metallacycles.- 1.4 Cleavage of the metal—carbon ?-bond: preparative applications.- 1.5 Miscellaneous reactions.- 1.6 Catalytic reactions.- 1.7 Amino-indazoles: precursors for diazonium and coupling components.- 1.8 Conclusions 34 Acknowledgements 35 References.- 2 Approaches to the design and synthesis of near-infrared absorbing dyes.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 General approaches to infrared-absorbing systems.- 2.3 Cyanine-type chromophores.- 2.4 Donor-acceptor chromophores.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Organic pigments.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Azo pigments and lakes.- 3.3 Phthalocyanines.- 3.4 Carbocyclic pigments.- 3.5 Heterocyclic pigments.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 Reactive dyes, especially bireactive molecules: structure and synthesis.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Monofunctional and homo bi- or polyfunctional dyes.- 4.3 Hetero bi- or polyfunctional dyes.- 4.3.1 Vinyl sulphone/halotriazine dyes.- 4.4 Conclusions.- References.- 5 Novel chromophores.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Pigments.- 5.3 Dyestuffs.- 5.4 High technology applications.- 5.5 Future trends.- References.- 6 Dyes for dye diffusion thermal transfer (D2T2) printing.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Properties required of D2T2 dyes.- 6.3 Major dye classes evaluated for use as D2T2 dyes.- 6.4 Conclusions.- References.- 7 Amphiphilic dyes.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Amphiphilic dyes in Langmuir-Blodgett films.- 7.3 Synthetic bilayers membranes.- 7.4 Interactions of amphiphilic dyes with organized assemblies.- 7.5 Photographic processes.- 7.6 Dyeing processes.- 7.7 Analytical and environmental applications.- 7.8 Conclusions.- References.- 8 Computer-assisted dyestuff design and synthesis.- 8.1Introduction.- 8.2 Quantum-theoretical methods: Scope and limitations.- 8.4 Synthetic aspects.- 8.5 Future developments.- References.

This book details the raw materials and synthetic procedures used to make dyes for a variety of end uses, including the latest developments in dye diffusion thermal transfer printing. Each chapter concentrates on a different dye application and is comprehensively illustrated and referenced. This book is an essential source of reference for color chemists working in dye research and development, and for those in the industry who require dye products for specific applications.