Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases: Diagnosis and Treatment, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993

This overview of the field covers a broad range of possible diagnostic and management techniques - pathology, imaging, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Emphasis is placed on catheter techniques.

1 Anatomy of the Liver.- 1.1 Hepatic Veins.- 1.2 Portal Vein.- 1.3 Hepatic Arteries.- 1.4 Biliary Ducts.- 1.5 Lymphatic Drainage.- 2 Malignant Liver Lesions: Pathology.- 2.1 Hepatocellular Carcinoma.- 2.1.1 Epidemiology.- 2.1.2 Pathology.- 2.2 Hepatoblastoma.- 2.3 Cholangiocarcinoma.- 2.4 Mesenchymal Tumors.- 2.4.1 Angiosarcoma (Hemangioendothelioma).- 2.4.2 Other Mesenchymal Tumors.- 2.5 Metastases.- 3 Diagnosis and Staging of Malignant Liver Disease.- 3.1 Clinical Aspects.- 3.1.1 Hepatocellular Carcinomas.- 3.1.2 Metastases.- 3.2 Biochemical Tests.- 3.3 Techniques in Imaging Malignant Liver Disease.- 3.3.1 Plain Film.- 3.3.2 Ultrasound.- 3.3.3 Computed Tomography.- 3.3.4 Magnetic Resonance.- 3.3.5 Angiography.- 3.3.6 Nuclear Medicine.- 3.4 Imaging Malignant Focal Liver Lesions.- 3.4.1 Hepatocellular Carcinoma.- 3.4.2 Liver Metastases.- 3.4.3 Cholangiocarcinoma.- 3.4.4 Lymphoma.- 3.4.5 Fatty Infiltration.- 3.5 Percutaneous Liver Biopsy.- 3.5.1 Biopsy of Malignant Liver Lesions.- 3.5.2 Biopsy of Liver Hemangiomas.- 3.5.3 Complications of Biopsy.- 3.6 Principles of Staging of Liver Lesions.- 3.7 Which Method to Choose?.- 4 Surgical Treatment of Malignant Liver Lesions.- 4.1 Liver Resection.- 4.1.1 Criteria for Resection.- 4.1.2 Tumorectomy.- 4.1.3 Segmentectomy and Hepatectomy.- 4.1.4 Results and Factors Influencing Survival.- 4.1.5 Complications of Resection Surgery.- 4.2 Arterial Ligature: Dearterialization.- 4.2.1 Techniques.- 4.2.2 Results.- 4.3 Cryosurgery.- 4.4 Transplantation.- 5 Radiotherapy.- 5.1 Tolerance of the Liver to Radiation.- 5.2 External Radiotherapy.- 5.2.1 Irradiation with Curative Intention.- 5.2.2 Irradiation with Palliative Intention.- 5.2.3 Tolerance to Treatment and Complications.- 5.3 Internal Radiotherapy.- 5.3.1 Percutaneous Implantation of Radioactive Seeds.- 5.3.2 Yttrium-90.- 5.3.3 131I-Labeled Lipiodol.- 5.3.4 Radiolabeled Antibodies.- 5.4 Radiotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy.- 6 Ethanol Injection Therapy of Liver Tumors.- 6.1 Patient Selection.- 6.2 Technique.- 6.3 Results.- 7 Systemic Chemotherapy.- 7.1 Tumor Response to Chemotherapy.- 7.2 Hepatocellular Carcinomas.- 7.3 Liver Metastases.- 8 Selective Perfusion of Chemotherapeutic Agents.- 8.1 General Considerations.- 8.1.1 Regional Chemotherapy: High Local Concentration of Drugs.- 8.1.2 Anatomic Considerations: Vascular Remodeling.- 8.1.3 Flow Pattern: Laminar Flow-Turbulent Flow.- 8.1.4 Checking the Homogeneity of Liver Perfusion.- 8.2 Regional Chemotherapy: The “Surgical Way”.- 8.2.1 Intraarterial Regional Chemotherapy.- 8.2.2 Portal Versus Intraarterial Chemotherapy.- 8.2.3 Adjuvant Intraportal Chemotherapy for Colorectal Hepatic Metastases.- 8.2.4 Adjuvant Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Colorectal Hepatic Metastases.- 8.3 Regional Chemotherapy: the “Radiological” Way.- 8.3.1 Intraarterial Perfusion.- 8.3.2 Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Lipiodol.- 8.3.3 Embolization.- 8.3.4 Chemoembolization.- 8.4 Complications and Side Effects of Regional Chemotherapy.