Genetic Resources as Natural Information Implications for the Convention on Biological Diversity and Nagoya Protocol Routledge Studies in Law and Sustainable Development Series

Demonstrating the shortcomings of current policy and legal approaches to access and benefit-sharing (ABS) in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), this book recognizes that genetic resources are widely distributed across countries and that bilateral contracts undermine fairness and equity. The book offers a practical and feasible regulatory alternative to ensure the goal of fairness and equity is effectively and efficiently met.

Through a legal analysis that also incorporates historic, economic and sociological perspectives, the book argues that genetic resources are not tangible resources but information. It shows that the existing preference for bilateralism and contracts reflects resistance on the part of many of the stakeholders involved in the CBD process to recognize them as such. ABS issues respond very well to the economics of information, yet as the author explains, these have been either sidelined or overlooked.

At a time when the Nagoya Protocol on ABS has renewed interest in feasible policy options, the author provides a constructive and provocative critique. The institutional, policy and regulatory framework constitute "bounded openness" under which fairness and equity emerge.

Foreword: "On the Silver Jubilee of ‘Intellectual Property and Information Markets: Preliminaries to a New Conservation Policy’" Joseph Henry Vogel Introduction 1. The Relevant Nature of Genetic Resources: "Normal Science" Becomes "Paradigm Shift" 2. Regulatory Trends in ABS: Secrecy as the Enabler of the Bilateral Model 3. Sovereignty over Genetic Resources: The First Twenty Years of ABS 4. Resistance to Correction 5. "Bounded Openness" as Fair, Equitable and Efficient: The Path to a Global Multilateral Benefit Sharing Mechanism 6. Conclusions and Recommendations Case Study I: Epipedobates anthonyi under "Bounded Openness" Klaus Angerer Case Study II: Lepidium meyeni under "Bounded Openness" Omar Oduardo-Sierra

Manuel Ruiz Muller is Director of the Program of International Affairs and Biodiversity at the Peruvian Society for Environmental Law (SPDA), Lima, Peru. He is also Coordinator of the International Environmental Law course in the Environmental Law and Natural Resources Diploma at the Catholic University, Peru.