Devices for Cardiac Resynchronization:, 2008 Technologic and Clinical Aspects

Indications and Implantation for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.- Do the Official Guidelines for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Need to Be Changed?.- Alternative Techniques for Left Ventricular Lead Placement.- Importance of the Right Ventricular Pacing Site in Cardiac Resynchronization.- Alternative Means of Achieving Cardiac Resynchronization.- CRT-Pacing Only Versus CRT-Defibrillator.- Upgrading Conventional Pacemakers to CRT: Indications and Technical Considerations.- Cardiac Resynchronization for Heart Failure.- Update of Cardiac Resynchronization Trials.- Cardiac Resynchronization for Heart Failure: Do We Need More Trials?.- Should Cardiac Resynchronization Be Considered for the Prevention of Heart Failure?.- Left Bundle Branch Block–Induced Cardiomyopathy: A New Concept of Mechanically Induced Cardiomyopathy.- Role of Echocardiography Before CRT Implantation: Can We Predict Nonresponders?.- Role of Echocardiography After Implantation of a Cardiac Resynchronization System.- Advances in Technology.- Recent Advances in the Technology of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.- Advances in Left Ventricular Pacing Leads.- New Pacing Algorithms and Functions in CRT Devices.- Significance of Latency During Left Ventricular Pacing for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.- Programmability of the Interventricular Interval During Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.- Hemodynamic Sensors in Heart Failure Devices.- Assessment of Single-Shock Defibrillation Testing of Biventricular ICDs.- Follow-up.- How to Program CRT Devices.- Programming and Follow-up of CRT and CRTD Devices.- The Standard Electrocardiogram During Cardiac Resynchronization.- Cardiac Arrhythmias After Cardiac Resynchronization.- Advances in CRT Device Diagnostics.- Complex Issues in the Follow-up of CRT Devices.- Recurrent Heart Failure and Appropriate Evaluation After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.