Comparison of Type I and Type II Diabetes, 1985 Similarities and Dissimilarities in Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Complications Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Series, Vol. 189

Five years ago, a new system of classification of the various types of diabetes was proposed. This publication provides an inte­ grated picture of the latest information on the similarities and dissimilarites of two types of diabetes. It contains contributions from morphologists, physiologists, biochemists, immunologists, pathologists, geneticists, clinicians and epidemiologists. In the first section, the basis for the present classification and its limitations are discussed. In addition, there is a discussion of gestational diabetes and heterogeneity of some sub-classes of diabetes. The next section deals with genetics and immunology. The third section discusses abnormalities of insulin secretion and act ion on both the receptor and post . . . receptor levels. The role of gastrointestinal peptides in Type I and Type II diabetes is also considered. In the last section, both types of diabetes are compared with respect to diabetic complications. The closing sec­ tion summarizes the present status and offers a stimulating view of future development. We hope that this book will be a useful source of information for both researchers and practicing clinicians. M. Vranic G. steiner C. H. Hollenberg v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The symposium from which this volume arose (June 28-29, 1984) was organized by the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto. We would like to express our appreciation to the following sponsors: Ames Educational Institute, Ayerst Laboratories, Becton Dickinson Canada Inc. , Canadian Soft Drink Association, Connaught Laboratories Limited, Connaught Novo Ltd. , Eli Lilly Canada Inc.

Identification of Some Issues and Questions to be Answered in Comparing Type I and Type II Diabetes.- Is the Present Classification Valid And Sufficient.- Basis of the Present Classification of Diabetes.- Limitations and Problems of Diabetes Classification from an Epidemiological Point of View.- Gestational Diabetes: Problems in Classification and Implications for Long-Range Prognosis.- Heterogeneity within Type II and Mody Diabetes.- Genetics and Immunology.- The Genetics of Type I and Type II Diabetes: Analysis by Recombinant DNA Methodology.- Immunological Aspects of Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus.- Pathophysiology and Metabolic Abnormalities.- Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Disposal in Patients with Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NIDDM) Diabetes Mellitus.- Pathophysiology of Insulin Secretion in Diabetes Mellitus.- Internalization of Insulin: Structures Involved and Significance.- Insulin Resistance in Non-Insulin Dependent (Type II) and Insulin Dependent (Type I) Diabetes Mellitus.- Insulin-Mediated and Non-Insulin-Mediated Metabolic Effects of Gastroenteropancreatic Peptides in Type I and Type II Diabetes.- New Probes to Study Insulin Resistance in Men; Futile Cycle and Glucose Turnover.- New Methods for the Analysis of Insulin Kinetics in Vivo: Insulin Secretion, Degradation, Systemic Dynamics and Hepatic Extraction.- Atherosclerosis, the Major Complication of Diabetes.- Complications.- A Comparison of Kidney Disease in Type I and Type II Diabetes.- Diabetic Neuropathy.- The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy a Comparison of Retinopathy in Younger and Older Onset Diabetic Persons.- Conclusions.- Some Summarizing Thoughts.