A Companion to James Madison and James Monroe Wiley Blackwell Companions to American History Series

A Companion to James Madison and James Monroe features essays from leading academics that consider various aspects of the lives and legacies of our fourth and fifth presidents.

• Provides historians and students of history with a wealth of new insights into the lives and achievements of two of America?s most accomplished statesmen, James Madison and James Monroe
• Features 32 state-of-the field historiographic essays from leading academics that consider various aspects of the lives and legacies of our fourth and fifth presidents
• Synthesizes the latest findings, and offers new insights based on original research into primary sources
• Addresses topics that readers often want to learn more about, such as Madison and slavery

List of Illustrations xi

Notes on Contributors xiii

Acknowledgments xix

Introduction 1
Stuart Leibiger

1 James Madison’s Political Thought: The Ideas of an Acting Politician 4
Jack N. Rakove

2 James Madison’s Journey to an “Honorable and Useful Profession, ” 1751–1780 21
Paul Douglas Newman

3 James Madison, 1780–1787: Nationalism and Political Reform 39
Adam Tate

4 James Madison and the Grand Convention: “The Great Difficulty of Representation” 56
Gordon Lloyd and Christopher Burkett

5 James Madison and the Ratification of the Constitution: A Triumph Over Adversity 74
Kevin R. C. Gutzman

6 James Madison in The Federalist: Elucidating “The Particular Structure of this Government” 91
Michael Zuckert

7 James Madison, Republican Government, and the Formation of the Bill of Rights: “Bound by Every Motive of Prudence” 109
Alan Gibson

8 James Madison in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1789–1797: America’s First Congressional Floor Leader 127
Carey Roberts

9 James Madison and the National Gazette Essays: The Birth of a Party Politician 143
Denver Brunsman

10 James Madison, the Virginia Resolutions, and the Philosophy of Modern American Democracy 159
Garrett Ward Sheldon

11 James Madison’s Secretary of State Years, 1801–1809: Successes and Failures in Foreign Relations 176
Mary Hackett

12 President James Madison’s Domestic Policies, 1809–1817: Jeffersonian Factionalism and the Beginnings of American Nationalism 192
Aaron N. Coleman

13 President James Madison and Foreign Affairs, 1809–1817: Years of Principle and Peril 207
David J. Siemers

14 James Madison’s Retirement, 1817–1836: Engaging the Republican Past, Present, and Future 224
James H. Read

15 James Madison and George Washington: The Indispensable Man’s Indispensable Man 241
Stuart Leibiger

16 James Madison and Thomas Jefferson: A “Friendship Which Was For Life” 259
Jeffry H. Morrison

17 James and Dolley Madison and the Quest for Unity 274
Catherine Allgor

18 James Madison and Montpelier: The Rhythms of Rural Life 292
David B. Mattern

19 James Madison and the Dilemma of American Slavery 306
Jeff Broadwater

20 James Monroe’s Political Thought: The People the Sovereigns 324
Arthur Scherr

21 James Monroe, 1758–1783: Student and Soldier of the American Revolution 343
Daniel Preston

22 James Monroe and the Confederation, 1781–1789: The Making of a Virginia Statesman 359
Robert W. Smith

23 James Monroe in the 1790s: A Republican Leader 375
William M. Ferraro

24 James Monroe as Governor of Virginia and Diplomat Abroad, 1799–1810: A Revolution of Principles and the Triumph of Pragmatism 391
David A. Nichols

25 James Monroe as Secretary of State and Secretary of War, 1809–1817: Toward Republican Strategic Sobriety 405
MackubinThomas Owens

26 James Monroe, James Madison, and the War of 1812: A Difficult Interlude 421
J.C.A. Stagg

27 President James Monroe’s Domestic Policies, 1817–1825: “To Advance the Best Interests of Our Union” 438
Michael J. McManus

28 President James Monroe and Foreign Affairs, 1817–1825: An Enduring Legacy 456
Sandra Moats

29 The Domestic Life of James Monroe: The Man at Home 472
Meghan C. Budinger

30 James Monroe and Thomas Jefferson: Republican Government and the British Challenge to America, 1780–1826 489
Michael Schwarz

31 James Monroe and James Madison: Republican Partners 505
Brook Poston

32 James Madison and James Monroe Historiography: A Tale of Two Divergent Bodies of Scholarship 521
Peter Daniel Haworth

References 541

Index 558