A Companion to Heritage Studies Wiley Blackwell Companions to Anthropology Series

BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY

A Companion to Heritage Studies

?This Companion provides a gateway to heritage studies for students and scholars alike. Taken together, the essays testify to how exciting and dynamic this field has become.?
Valdimar Tr. Hafstein, University of Iceland

?Interdisciplinary and international in scope, A Companion to Heritage Studies succeeds in bringing together critical and practical, historicizing and future-oriented scholarship on what has become an all-pervasive global interest and industry, passion and resource.?
Regina F. Bendix, Göttingen University, Germany

?A vast and complete overview of the contemporary challenges of heritage preservation and management. This is an important book for practitioners, planners, and policy makers. The Companion fills a gap and helps address many of the uncomfortable questions heritage preservation is facing today.?
Francesco Bandarin, Special Advisor to UNESCO for Heritage and Professor, University Iuav of Venice

A Companion to Heritage Studies is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art survey of the interdisciplinary study of cultural heritage. Featuring a substantial framework-setting essay by the editors, and contributions from an international array of scholars, including some with extensive experience in heritage practice through UNESCO, the World Heritage Centre, ICOMOS and national heritage systems, this Companion offers a cutting-edge guide to this emergent and increasingly important field that is global in scope, cross-cultural in focus, and critical in approach. The selected essays have been innovatively organized into three sections on the expansion, use and abuse, and the recasting of heritage. The Companion covers all of the key themes in research, including old and new outlooks on cultural heritage and its management, heritage as a form of cultural politics, the emergence of critical heritage studies, the role of heritage in times of rapid change and conflict, heritage in environmental protection, the rise of intangible heritage, museums and digital heritage, World Heritage and tourism, and heritage ethics and human rights.

A Companion to Heritage Studies will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of anthropology, archeology, and cultural studies, as well as anyone interested in better understanding the historical, social, and political significance of heritage.

List of Figures and Tables x

Notes on Contributors xiii

Acknowledgements xix

List of Abbreviations xx

Framework

1 The New Heritage Studies: Origins and Evolution, Problems and Prospects 1
William Logan, Ullrich Kockel, and Máiréad Nic Craith

Part I Expanding Heritage 27

2 Heritage Places: Evolving Conceptions and Changing Forms 29
Neil A. Silberman

3 From Folklore to Intangible Heritage 41
Kristin Kuutma

4 Cultural Heritage and Intellectual Property: Convergence, Divergence, and Interface 55
Folarin Shyllon

5 Intangible Heritage and Embodiment: Japan’s Influence on Global Heritage Discourse 69
Natsuko Akagawa

6 The Politics of Heritage in the Land of Food and Wine 87
Marion Demossier

7 (Re)visioning the Ma’ohi Landscape of Marae Taputapuatea, French Polynesia: World Heritage and Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the Pacific Islands 101
Anita Smith

8 The Kingdom of Death as a Heritage Site: Making Sense of Auschwitz 115
Jonathan Webber

9 The Memory of the World and its Hidden Facets 133
Anca Claudia Prodan

10 African Indigenous Heritage in Colonial and Postcolonial Museums: The Case of the Batwa of Africa’s Great Lakes Region 146
Maurice Mugabowagahunde

Part II Using and Abusing Heritage 161

11 Valuing the Past, or, Untangling the Social, Political, and Economic Importance of Cultural Heritage Sites 163
Brenda Trofanenko

12 Cultural Heritage under the Gaze of International Tourism Marketing Campaigns 176
Helaine Silverman and Richard W. Hallett

13 Heritagescaping and the Aesthetics of Refuge: Challenges to Urban Sustainability 189
Tim Winter

14 Cultural Heritage as a Strategy for Social Needs and Community Identity 203
Keir Reeves and Gertjan Plets

15 Heritage in the Digital Age 215
Maria Economou

16 World Heritage and National Hegemony: The Discursive Formation of Chinese Political Authority 229
Haiming Yan

17 War Museums and Memory Wars in Contemporary Poland 243
Julie Fedor

18 Heritage in an Expanded Field: Reconstructing Bridge‐ness in Mostar 254
Andrea Connor

19 Heritage Under Fire: Lessons from Iraq for Cultural Property Protection 268
Benjamin Isakhan

20 The Intentional Destruction of Heritage: Bamiyan and Timbuktu 280
Christian Manhart

21 Heritage and the Politics of Cultural Obliteration: The Case of the Andes 295
O. Hugo Benavides

Part III Recasting Heritage 307

22 The Economic Feasibility of Heritage Preservation 309
Ron van Oers

23 UNESCO and Cultural Heritage: Unexpected Consequences 322
Christina Cameron

24 The Limits of Heritage: Corporate Interests and Cultural Rights on Resource Frontiers 337
Rosemary J. Coombe and Melissa F. Baird

25 Indigenous Peoples’ Rights and the World Heritage Convention 355
Stefan Disko

26 UNESCO, the World Heritage Convention, and Africa: The Practice and the Practitioners 373
George Okello Abungu

27 World Heritage Sites in Africa: What Are the Benefits of Nomination and Inscription? 392
Webber Ndoro

28 Heritage in the “Asian Century”: Responding to Geopolitical Change 410
Zeynep Aygen and William Logan

29 (Re‐)Building Heritage: Integrating Tangible and Intangible 426
Máiréad Nic Craith and Ullrich Kockel

30 The Elephant in the Room: Heritage, Affect, and Emotion 443
Laurajane Smith and Gary Campbell

31 Cross‐Cultural Encounters and “Difficult Heritage” on the Thai–Burma Railway: An Ethics of Cosmopolitanism rather than Practices of Exclusion 461
Andrea Witcomb

32 Heritage and Cosmopolitanism 479
Lynn Meskell

33 “Putting Broken Pieces Back Together”: Reconciliation, Justice, and Heritage in Post‐Conflict Situations 491
Patrick Daly and Benjamin Chan

34 Achieving Dialogue through Transnational World Heritage Nomination: The Case of the Silk Roads 507
Ona Vileikis

35 World Heritage: Alternative Futures 522
Britta Rudolff and Kristal Buckley

36 Challenges for International Cultural Heritage Law 541
Ana Filipa Vrdoljak

37 The New Heritage Studies and Education, Training, and Capacity‐Building 557
William Logan and Gamini Wijesuriya

Index 574

William Logan is Professor Emeritus and UNESCO Chair in Heritage and Urbanism in the Cultural Heritage Centre for Asia and the Pacific at Deakin University, Melbourne. He has written, edited, or co-edited 14 books, including Hanoi: Biography of a City (2000), Places of Pain and Shame: Dealing with ‘Difficult Heritage’ (2009, edited with K. Reeves), and Cultural Diversity, Heritage and Human Rights: Intersections in Theory and Practice (2010, edited with M. Langfield and M. Nic Craith). A fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia and member of the Heritage Council of Victoria, Dr Logan is on the editorial boards of the International Journal of Heritage Studies and Historic Environment.

Máiréad Nic Craith is Professor of European Culture and Heritage and Director of the Intercultural Research Centre at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh. She is a Member of the Royal Irish Academy and has been a panel member for the UK Research Assessment Exercise (2008) and UK Research Excellence Framework (2014). Her publications include Cultural Diversity, Heritage and Human Rights: Intersections in Theory and Practice (2010, edited with W. Logan and M. Langfield), A Companion to the Anthropology of Europe (Wiley, 2012, edited with U. Kockel and J. Frykman), and Narratives of Place, Belonging and Language: An Intercultural Perspective (2012).

Ullrich Kockel is Professor of Culture and Economy at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, and a Visiting Professor of Social Anthropology at Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas. A Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences and Member of the Royal Irish Academy, he is on the Steering Group of Learning for Sustainability Scotland. His publications include Re-Visioning Europe: Frontiers, Place Identities and Journeys in Debatable Lands (2010) and A Companion to the Anthropology of Europe (Wiley, 2012, edited with M. Nic Craith and J. Frykman)