Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases and Pests (2^nd Ed.)

Of the 40-plus books produced in the popular “APS PRESS Compendium of Plant Disease Series, Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases and Pests, Second Edition, is the biggest ever and among of the most comprehensive. Nearly double the size of the previous edition, it boasts a total of 343 color images and more figures than any other compendium to date, offering second-to-none diagnostic coverage of these two important crops.

Of the many changes in this second edition, the most notable may be the addition of a new section that includes coverage of insects and mites, also known as arthropods. This section alone features 90 species and 160 color images which make this handbook a cross-disciplinary reference and scouting guide that will be utilized by extension professionals and the growers they serve for years to come.

All the original disease chapters of the first edition published in 1990 have been revised, many extensively, and 11 new chapters have been added. All chapters include the latest information on the distribution, biology, identification, and management of the many diseases and arthropod pests that occur worldwide.

This colorful guidebook is essential for ensuring early detection of disease and insect symptoms in order to implement control measures to maximum yields and product quality. It is an invaluable resource for anyone involved in healthy apple and pear production, including plant pathologists, entomologists, pomologists, extension agents, master gardeners, horticulturists, IPM practitioners, pesticide applicators, agrochemical professionals, private consultants, and growers.

The book is easy to use. It allows users to match the symptoms and pests on their plants with the book's color photographs. Users can then refer to the corresponding text which describes the related symptoms, causes, cycles, and control practices for the particular disease, insect, or mite. The authors also describe nutritional and postharvest disorders of apples and pears and provide recommendations to minimize or improve these issues.

Introduction

Origin of Domestic Apples and Pears

Growth and Fruiting Habits of Apples and Pears

Cultivars

Rootstocks

Growing Systems

Harvest and Handling

Part I. Infectious Diseases

Diseases Caused by Fungi Foliar and Fruit Diseases

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Rust Diseases

Cedar Apple Rust

Quince Rust

American Hawthorn Rust

Japanese Apple Rust

Japanese Pear Rust

European Pear Rust

Kern’s Pear Rust

Pacific Coast Pear Rust

Rocky Mountain Pear Rust

Bitter Rot

White Rot

Black Rot

Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck

Pear Scab

Asian Pear Scab

Fabraea Leaf Spot

Elsinoe Leaf and Fruit Spot

Brown Spot of Pear

Alternaria Blotch

Japanese Pear Black Spot

Brooks Fruit Spot

Phoma Leaf and Fruit Spot

Blotch

Black Pox of Apple and Blister Canker of Pear

Apple Ring Rot

X-Spot

Dry Eye Rot

Calyx-End Rot

Moldy Core and Core Rots

Phytophthora Fruit Rot

Monilia Leaf Blight

Brown Rot Diseases

Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot

Marssonina Blotch

Zonate Leaf Spot

Thread Blight

Canker and Wood Rot Diseases

Nectria Twig Blight

Nectria Canker

Anthracnose Canker and Perennial Canker

Diaporthe Canker

Phomopsis Canker, Rough Bark, and Fruit Decay

Valsa Canker

Leucostoma Canker

Diplodia Canker

Apple Nailhead Canker

Monochaetia Twig Canker

Silver Leaf

Wood Decays

Root Rot and Replant Diseases

Phytophthora Collar, Crown, and Root Rots

Rosellinia (Dematophora) Root Rot

Apple Replant Disease

Black Root Rot

Armillaria Root Rot

Phymatotrichopsis Root Rot

Southern Blight

White Root Rot

Violet Root Rot

Peniophora Root Canker

Postharvest Diseases

Blue Mold

Gray Mold

Bull’s-Eye Rot

Alternaria Rot

Mucor Rot

Side Rot

Sphaeropsis Rot

Phacidiopycnis Rot

Cladosporium Rot

Coprinus Rot

Speck Rot

Fungi Causing Miscellaneous Postharvest Diseases

Diseases Caused by Bacteria

Fire Blight

Asian Pear Blight

Blister Spot

Bacterial Blossom Blast

Bacterial Blister Bark

Crown Gall

Hairy Root

Diseases Caused by Viruses

Chlorotic Leaf Spot (Apple Topworking Disease)

Apple Stem Grooving

Stem Pitting

Apple Mosaic

Flat Apple

Apple Union Necrosis

Pear Vein Yellows

Pear Ring Pattern Mosaic

Diseases Caused by Phytoplasmas

Apple Proliferation

Pear Decline

Diseases Caused by Viroids

Apple Scar Skin and Dapple Apple

Apple Fruit Crinkle (Apple Blister Bark on ‘Starking Delicious’)

Apple Dimple Fruit

Viruslike or Graft-Transmissible Diseases with No Known Causal Agents

Apple Decline

Chat Fruit

Transmissible Apple Fruit Disorders

Transmissible Apple Bark Disorders

Rubbery Wood

Dead Spur

Pear Stony Pit

Pear Bark Disorders

Pear Concentric Ring Pattern

Diseases Caused by Nematodes Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Root Lesion Nematodes

Dagger Nematodes

Root-Knot Nematodes

Other Nematodes

Part II. Noninfectious Disorders

Nutritional Disorders

Disorders Caused by Environmental Factors

Genetic and Physiological Disorders

Burrknot

Internal Bark Necrosis

Necrotic Leaf Blotch

Honeycrisp Leaf Chlorosis

Postharvest Disorders

Bitter Pit of Apple

Black End of Pear

Core Breakdown of Pear

Bitter Pit of Pear

Jonathan Spot of Apple

Pink End of ‘Bartlett’ Pear

Pithy Brown Core of Pear

Superficial Scald

Water Core of Apple

Part III. Arthropod Pests

Internal Fruit Damage

Internal-Feeding Tortricids

Codling Moth

Oriental Fruit Moth

Lesser Appleworm

Peach Fruit Moth

Fruit Flies and Midges

Apple Maggot

Mediterranean Fruit Fly

South American Fruit Fly

Queensland Fruit Fly

Pear Midge

Sawflies and Chalcids

European Apple Sawfly

Dock Sawfly

Apple Seed Chalcid

Fruit Surface Damage

Leafrollers and Fruitworms

Brazilian Apple Leafroller

Chilean Fruit Leafroller

Light Brown Apple Moth

Obliquebanded Leafroller

Tufted Apple Bud Moth

Pandemis Leafrollers

Redbanded Leafroller

Variegated Leafroller

Green Fruitworms

Lacanobia Fruitworm

Other Tortricids

Weevils

Plum Curculio

Apple Curculio

Mirids

Tarnished Plant Bug

Pear Plant Bug

Mullein Plant Bug

Apple Brown Bug

Apple Red Bug and False Apple Red Bug

Apple Dimpling Bug

Stink Bugs

Mealybugs

Thrips

Leaf and Bud Damage

Aphids and Psyllids

Green Apple Aphids

Rosy Apple Aphid

Woolly Apple Aphid

Pear Psylla

Leafhoppers

Potato Leafhopper

White Apple Leafhopper

Rose Leafhopper

Leafminers

Spotted Tentiform Leafminer and Apple Blotch Leafminer

Apple Leafminer

Western Tentiform Leafminer

Weevils and Other Beetles

Chilean Grape Snout Beetle

Apple Blossom Weevil

Banded Fruit Weevil

Japanese Beetle

Midges

Apple and Pear Leaf-Curling Midges

Bark, Stem, and Root Damage

Scales

San Jose Scale

Other Scales

Wood-Boring Lepidoptera

Dogwood Borer

Apple Bark Borer

American Plum Borer

Apple Clearwing Moth

Cicadas

Apple-Boring Beetles

Roundheaded Appletree Borer

Flatheaded Appletree Borer

Broad-Necked Root Borer and Tilehorned Prionus

Mite Pests

European Red Mite

Apple Rust Mite

Pear Rust Mite

Pearleaf Blister Mite

Spider Mites

Twospotted Spider Mite

Brown Mite

McDaniel Spider Mite

Glossary

Index