Process analytical technology: spectroscopic tools & implementation for the chemical & pharmaceuticals industries (2nd Ed.): spectroscopic tools & implementation for the chemical & pharmaceuticals industries

Process Analytical Technology explores the concepts of PAT and its application in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry from the point of view of the analytical chemist. In this new edition all of the original chapters have been updated and revised, and new chapters covering the important topics of sampling, NMR, fluorescence, and acoustic chemometrics have been added. Coverage includes: Overview, Implementation and Sampling in Process Analytical Technologies. UV-Visible Spectroscopy for On-line Analysis. Near-infrared, NIR Chemical Imaging, Infrared, Raman and Process NMR Spectroscopy for Process Analytical Applications. Fluorescent Sensing and Process Analytical Applications. Chemometrics in Process Analytical Technology (PAT). NIR Spectroscopy: Off-line and At-line Applications in the Pharmaceutical Industry. NIR in the Chemical Industry: Added Value and Implementation Challenges. Future Trends for PAT for Increased Process Understanding and Growing Applications in Biomanufacturing. This volume is an important starting point for anyone wanting to implement PAT and is intended not only to assist a newcomer to the field but also to provide up-to-date information for those who practice process analytical chemistry and PAT. It is relevant for chemists, chemical and process engineers, and analytical chemists working on process development, scale-up and production in the pharmaceutical, fine and specialty chemicals industries, as well as for academic chemistry, chemical engineering, chemometrics and pharmaceutical science research groups focussing on PAT.

Preface to the Second Edition.

List of Contributors.

List of Abbreviations.

1 Overview of Process Analysis and PAT(Jason E. Dickens).

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Execution of Process Analysis Projects.

1.3 Process Instrumentation.

1.4 Conclusions.

1.5 Glossary of Acronyms and Terms.

References.

2 Implementation of Process Analytical Technologies(Robert Guenard and Gert Thurau).

2.1 Introduction to Implementation of Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) in the Industrial Setting.

2.2 Generalized Process Analytics Work Process.

2.3 Considerations for PAT Implementation in the Pharmaceutical Industry.

2.4 Conclusions.

References.

3 Process Sampling: Theory of Sampling - the Missing Link in Process Analytical Technologies (PAT)(Kim H. Esbensen and Peter Paasch-Mortensen).

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Theory of Sampling - Introduction.

3.3 Mass Reduction as a Specific Sampling Procedure.

3.4 Fundamental Sampling Principle.

3.5 Sampling - a Very Practical Issue.

3.6 Reactors and Vessels - Identical Process Sampling Issues.

3.7 Heterogeneity Characterization of 1-D lots: Variography.

3.8 Data Quality - New Insight from the TOS.

3.9 Validation in Chemometrics and PAT.

3.10 Summary.

References.

4 UV-visible Spectroscopy for On-line Analysis(Marcel A. Liauw, Lewis C. Baylor and Patrick E. O'Rourke).

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Theory.

4.3 Instrumentation.

4.4 Sample Interface.

4.5 Implementation.

4.6 Applications.

4.7 Detailed Application Notes.

4.8 Conclusion.

References.

5 Near-infrared Spectroscopy for Process Analytical Technology: Theory, Technology and Implementation(Michael B. Simpson).

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Theory of Near-infrared Spectroscopy.

5.3 Analyser Technologies in the Near-infrared.

5.4 The Sampling Interface.

5.5 Practical Examples of Near-infrared Analytical Applications.

5.6 Conclusion.

References.

6 Infrared Spectroscopy for Process Analytical Applications(John P. Coates).

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Practical Aspects of IR Spectroscopy.

6.3 Instrumentation Design and Technology.

6.4 Process IR Instrumentation.

6.5 Applications of Process IR Analyzers.

6.6 Process IR Analyzers: a Review.

6.7 Trends and Directions.

References.

7 Raman Spectroscopy(Nancy L. Jestel).

7.1 Attractive Features of Raman Spectroscopy.

7.2 Potential Issues with Raman Spectroscopy.

7.3 Fundamentals of Raman Spectroscopy.

7.4 Raman Instrumentation.

7.5 Quantitative Raman.

7.6 Applications.

7.7 Current State of Process Raman Spectroscopy.

References.

8 Near-infrared Chemical Imaging for Product and Process Understanding(E. Neil Lewis, Joseph W. Schoppelrei, Lisa Makein, Linda H. Kidder and Eunah Lee).

8.1 The PAT Initiative.

8.2 The Role of Near-infrared Chemical Imaging (NIR-CI) in the Pharmaceutical Industry.

8.3 Evolution of NIR Imaging Instrumentation.

8.4 Chemical Imaging Principles.

8.5 PAT Applications.

8.6 Processing Case...